2. Other reported outcomes (with non‐prioritised outcome measures), not included in meta‐analysis.
| Outcome | Study ID | Intervention | Number intervention | Control group | Number control | Study authors' conclusions about differences between groups |
| Comparison 1: abrupt discontinuation vs continuation of long‐term antidepressants | ||||||
| 3. Withdrawal symptoms | ||||||
| Adjusted mean DESS total score over first 2 weeks of the discontinuation period | Khan 2014 | 5.3 (SE 0.52) | 146 | 4.1 (SE 0.72) | 36 | no conclusions made by study authors |
| 5. Depressive symptoms | ||||||
| BDI, mean change | Peterson 2010 | ‐0.47 (SD 0.48) | 16 | 1.5 ( SD 1.33) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| BDI, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 2.38 (SD 4.64) | 11 | 0.43 (SD 0.82) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| MADRS, mean change | Kornstein 2006 | ‐0.3 (SD 3) | 65 | 0.1 (SD 5.8) | 73 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SQ Depression, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 0.56 (SD 0.28) | 16 | 0.15 (SD 0.08) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SQ Depression, mean change | Peterson 2010; | 2.67 (SD 1.32) | 11 | 0.14 (SD 0.1) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 6. Anxiety symptoms | ||||||
| PDSS, mean change | Rapaport 2001 | 2.27 (SD 4.44) | 89 | 1.51 (SD 4.3) | 92 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Frequency of full panic attacks, mean change | Rapaport 2001 | 1.14 (SD 5.59) | 89 | 0.75 (SD 3.59) | 92 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 10. Global severity of illness | ||||||
| CGI‐I, mean change | Kornstein 2006 | ‐0.1 (SD 0.3) | 65 | 0 (SD 0.6) | 73 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| CGI‐I, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 0.32 (SD 0.29) | 16 | 0.18 (SD 0.27) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| CGI‐I, mean change | Peterson 2010; | 0.33 (SD 0.22) | 11 | 0.35 (SD 0.15) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Endpoint CGI‐I rating | Rapaport 2001 | 0.9 (SD 1.41) | 89 | 0.34 (SD 1.03) | 92 | study authors reported a modest statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Patient Global Impression, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 0.33 (SD 0.12) | 16 | 0.08 (SD 0.31) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| CGI‐I, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 0.33 (SD 0.22) | 11 | 0.29 (SD 0.26) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 11. Other reported outcomes | ||||||
| Symptom Questionnaire Somatic Subscale, mean change | Peterson 2010 | ‐0.01 (SD 0.32) | 16 | 0.28 (SD 0.54) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Symptom Questionnaire Somatic Subscale, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 1.19 (SD 1.01) | 11 | 0.61 (SD 0.45) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SQ Hostility, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 0.51 (SD 0.77) | 16 | 0.77 (SD 0.62) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SQ Hostility, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 1.69 (SD 1.18) | 11 | 0.34 (SD 0.59) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Beck Hopelessness Scale, mean change | Peterson 2010 | ‐0.83 (SD 1.06) | 16 | ‐0.17 (SD 0.23) | 14 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Beck Hopelessness Scale, mean change | Peterson 2010 | 1.07 (SD 1.02) | 11 | 0.48 (SD 0.20) | 11 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Cognitive function assessed by Mini‐Mental State Examination, mean endpoint score | Streim 2012 | 24.9 (SD 4) | 13 | 23.1 (SD 4.4) | 23 | no conclusions made by study authors |
| Comparison 2: discontinuation by tapering vs continuation of long‐term antidepressants | ||||||
| 3. Withdrawal symptoms | ||||||
| Adjusted mean DESS total score for first 2 weeks of the discontinuation period | Khan 2014 | 4.8 (SE 0.54) | 139 | 4.1 (SE 0.72) | 36 | no conclusions made by study authors |
| 5. Depressive symptoms | ||||||
| BDI, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 13.9 (SD 10.7) | 84 | 9 (SD 9.9) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| MADRS, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 15 (SD 12.5) | 84 | 7.9 (SD 9.6) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| MADRS, mean endpoint score | Cook 1986 | 12.8 (SD 10.1) | 9 | 4.8 (SD 4.5) | 6 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Cornell Dysthymic Rating Scale, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 25.6 (SD 18.4) | 84 | 14.3 (SD 14.9) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Carroll Depression Scale, mean endpoint score | Cook 1986 | 17.6 (SD 10.6) | 9 | 10.7 (SD 7.2) | 6 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| IDS‐SR, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 18.7 (SE 1.7) | 40 | 11.9 (SE 1.7) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| IDS‐SR, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 18.6 (SE 1.2) | 129 | 15.5 (SE 1.2) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| HAM‐D subscale score, depressed mood item 1 score, mean endpoint score | Montgomery 2004 | 1.5 (SE 0.11) | 107 | 0.9 (SE 0.11) | 108 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| HAM‐D subscale score, depressed mood item 1 score, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 0.67 (SE 0.1) | 142 | 0.27 (SE 0.09) | 145 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| HAM‐D subscale score, core factor, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 1.74 (SE 0.24) | 142 | 0.75 (SE 0.22) | 145 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| HAM‐D subscale score, Maier, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 2.25 (SE 0.31) | 142 | 0.91 (SE 0.29) | 145 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| HAM‐D subscale score, retardation, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 1.49 (SE 0.22) | 142 | 0.59 (SE 0.20) | 145 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| HAM‐D subscale score, sleep, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 0.71 (SE 0.13) | 142 | 0.13 (SE 0.12) | 145 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| MADRS, mean endpoint score | Montgomery 2004 | 15.1 (SE 1.14) | 107 | 9.5 (SE 1.01) | 106 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| 6. Anxiety symptoms | ||||||
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), anxiety factor, mean endpoint score | Rickels 2010 | 9.29 (SE 0.44) | 54 | 7.43 (SE 0.38) | 82 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), anxiety factor, mean endpoint score | Rickels 2010 | 8.42 (SE 1.05) | 34 | 5.8 (SE 1.28) | 25 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| IDS‐SR, anxiety/arousal, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 6.9 (SE 0.6) | 40 | 4.1 (SE 0.6) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| IDS‐SR, anxiety/arousal, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 6.2 (SE 0.5) | 129 | 5.3 (SE 0.5) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 8. Quality of life | ||||||
| GHQ, adjusted endpoint score | Rickels 2010 | 28.17 (SD 8.41) | 54 | 23.73 (6.26) | 82 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| LES‐S, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 55.2 (SE 3.4) | 40 | 66.1 (SE 2.9) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Q‐LES‐Q, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 66.9 (SE 2.2) | 40 | 74.7 (SE 2.1) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| SF‐36, role functioning, physical mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 65.8 (SE 5.2) | 40 | 74.2 (SE 4.9) | 43 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, bodily pain, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 71.2 (SE 3.4) | 40 | 77.4 (SE 3.2) | 43 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, general health, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 65.9 (SE 2.5) | 40 | 73.0 (SE 2.3) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| SF‐36, vitality, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 47.3 (SE 3.3) | 40 | 57.9 (SE 3.1) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| SF‐36, physical component summary, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 51.9 (SE 1.1) | 40 | 51.8 (SE 1.1) | 43 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, mental component summary, mean endpoint score | Keller 2007 | 39.2 (SE 1.9) | 40 | 47.6 (SE 1.8) | 43 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| LES‐S, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 58.1 (SE 2.2) | 129 | 62.9 (SE 2.1) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Q‐LES‐Q, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 67.3 (SE 1.3) | 129 | 72.3 (SE 1.3) | 129 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| SF‐36, role functioning, physical mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 69.0 (SE 3.8) | 129 | 76.2 (SE 3.8) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, bodily pain, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 74.6 (SE 2.2) | 129 | 75.1 (SE 2.1) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, general health, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 71.0 (SE 1.6) | 129 | 72.7 (SE 1.5) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, vitality, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 48.4 (SE 2.2) | 129 | 51.3 (SE 2.1) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, physical component summary, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 53.3 (SE 0.8) | 129 | 52.6 (SE 0.8) | 129 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| SF‐36, mental component summary, mean endpoint score | Kocsis 2007 | 40.5 (SE 1.3) | 129 | 44.5 (SE 1.3) | 129 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception of quality of life, 3 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 3.4 (SD 0.9) | 93 | 3.6 (SD 0.8) | 86 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception of quality of life, 15 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 3.6 (SD 0.8) | 83 | 3.7 (SD 0.9) | 68 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life, 3 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 3.3 (SD 1.0) | 92 | 3.3 (SD 1.0) | 85 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life, 15 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 3.4 (SD 1.0) | 83 | 3.4 (SD 1.1) | 68 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, physical domain, 3 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 24.4 (SD 4.5) | 93 | 24.6 (SD 4.7) | 86 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, physical domain, 15 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 25.4 (SD 4.9) | 83 | 25.6 (SD 4.5) | 67 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, psychological domain, 3 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 18.8 (SD 3.7) | 93 | 19.9 (SD 3.6) | 86 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, psychological domain, 15 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 19.7 (SD 3.6) | 82 | 20.0 (SD 3.8) | 68 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social domain, 3 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 10.1 (SD 2.1) | 93 | 10.0 (SD 2.2) | 86 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social domain, 15 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 10.5 (SD 2.3) | 83 | 10.1 (SD 2.2) | 68 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environmental domain, 3 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 30.7 (SD 4.9) | 93 | 31.6 (SD 4.5) | 86 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environmental domain, 15 months, mean endpoint score | Huijbers 2016 | 30.5 (SD 4.2) | 83 | 31.9 (SD 4.0) | 68 | study with psychological co‐intervention; study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 9. Social and occupational functioning | ||||||
| LIFE, subject assessment score, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 3.08 (SD 1.17) | 84 | 2.27 (SD 1.23) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| LIFE, interviewer assessment score, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 3.00 (SD 1.11) | 84 | 2.23 (SD 1.14) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| LIFE, satisfaction assessment score, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 2.99 (SD 1.06) | 84 | 2.24 (SD 1.08) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Interference with daily activities | Perahia 2009 | 2.81 (SE 1.82) | 142 | 3.16 (SE 1.74) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 10. Global severity of illness | ||||||
| CGI‐I, mean endpoint score | Keller 1998 | 2.7 (SD 1.5) | 84 | 1.9 (SD 1.3) | 77 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| CGI‐I, mean endpoint score | Rickels 2010 | 3.29 (SE 0.19) | 54 | 1.96 (SE 0.12) | 82 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| CGI‐I, mean endpoint score | Rickels 2010 | 2.78 (SE0.32) | 34 | 2.20 (SE 0.41) | 15 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Patient Global Impressions of improvement, endpoint score | Perahia 2009 | 2.34 (SE 0.11) | 142 | 1.72 (SE 0.11) | 145 | study authors reported a statistically significant advantage in favour of continuation of antidepressant |
| Symptom Questionnaire Somatic Subscale (SQ‐SS), mean change | Perahia 2009 | 0.81 (SE 0.4) | 142 | 0.79 (SD 0.39) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 11. Other reported outcomes | ||||||
| VAS score, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 4.57 (SD 1.86) | 142 | 3.92 (SE 1.78) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Headache, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 2.80 (SE 1.80) | 142 | 4.77 (SE 1.72) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Back pain, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 3.40 (SE 1.72) | 142 | 1.77 (SE 1.65) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Schoulder pain, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 3.02 (SE 1.62) | 142 | 0.51 (SE 1.55) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Pain while awake, mean change | Perahia 2009 | 4.69 (SE 2.19) | 142 | 3.64 (SE 2.10) | 145 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Comparison 3: discontinuation with psychological support vs continuation of long‐term antidepressants | ||||||
| 1. Successful discontinuation rate | ||||||
| Mean number of days on antidepressant treatment | Kuyken 2008 | 266.5 (SD 167.7) | 61 | 411.4 (SD 91.8) | 62 | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group |
| 2. Relapse rate | ||||||
| Total number of relapses/recurrences, mean | Kuyken 2008 | 1.45 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.69) | 61 | 1.57 (95% CI 1.32 to 1.81) | 62 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Duration of relapses/recurrences (period of time in months that a person met SCID criteria), mean | Kuyken 2008 | 3.36 (95% CI 2.2 to 4.5) | 61 | 3.0 (95% CI 2.1 to 3.9) | 62 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Severity of relapses/recurrences (scale range between 1 and 4: mild, moderate, severe without psychotic feature, severe with psychotic features), mean | Kuyken 2008 | 1.79 (95% CI 1.56 to 2.02) | 61 | 1.72 (95% CI 1.48 to 1.95) | 62 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 5. Depressive symptoms | ||||||
| HAM‐D, mean score at 1 month | Kuyken 2015 | 6.3 (SD 5.6) | 186 | 7.4 (SD 6.3) | 183 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| HAM‐D, mean score at 9 months | Kuyken 2015 | 6 (SD 5.5) | 177 | 5.6 (SD 6.4) | 175 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| HAM‐D, mean score at 12 months | Kuyken 2015 | 5.7 (SD 5.7) | 184 | 4.7(SD 5.2) | 181 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| HAM‐D, mean score at 18 months | Kuyken 2015 | 5.7 (SD 5.7) | 184 | 5.3 (SD 6.1) | 174 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| BDI, mean score at 1 month | Kuyken 2015 | 9.9 (SD 9.7) | 174 | 13.9 (SD 10.9) | 174 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| BDI, mean score at 9 months | Kuyken 2015 | 11 (SD 10.5) | 151 | 10.5 (SD 9.7) | 142 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| BDI, mean score at 12 months | Kuyken 2015 | 10.7 (SD 10) | 167 | 11.3 (SD 9.2) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| BDI, mean score at 18 months | Kuyken 2015 | 11.7 (SD 10.6) | 142 | 11.3 (SD 10.7) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| BDI, mean score at 24 months | Kuyken 2015 | 11.6 (SD 10.9) | 169 | 11.9 (SD 10.7) | 167 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| HAM‐D, mean score at 1 month | Kuyken 2008 | 5.83 (95% CI 4.49 to 7.3) | 59 | 7.75 (95% CI 5.86 to 9.34) | 59 | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group |
| BDI, mean score at 1 month | Kuyken 2008 | 13.12 (95% CI 10.27 to 15.97) | 59 | 17.47 (95% CI 14.31 to 20.62) | 58 | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group |
| BDI, mean score at 15 months | Kuyken 2008 | 12.61 (95% CI 9.96 to 15.26) | 59 | 17.02 (95% CI 13.16 to 20.87) | 58 | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group |
| 8. Quality of life | ||||||
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.8 (SD 0.8) | 174 | 3.8 (SD 0.9) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.7 (SD 0.9) | 151 | 3.9 (SD 0.8) | 141 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.7 (SD 0.9) | 166 | 3.9 (SD 0.9) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.7 (SD 0.9) | 141 | 3.9 (SD 0.9) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q1, overall perception at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.7 (SD 0.9) | 169 | 3.8 (SD 1) | 167 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.1 (SD 1) | 174 | 3.2 (SD 1) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.1 (SD 1.1) | 151 | 3.2 (SD 1) | 141 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.2 (SD 1.1) | 166 | 3.3 (SD 1.0) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.2 (SD 1.0) | 141 | 3.3 (SD 1.1) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐Q2, overall perception of quality of life at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 3.1 (SD 1.0) | 169 | 3.2 (SD 1) | 167 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, physical health domain (e.g. How satisfied are you with your sleep?) at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 14.3 (SD 3.3) | 174 | 14.3 (SD 3.0) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, physical health domain at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 14.2 (SD 3.3) | 151 | 14.8 (SD 3.2) | 141 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, physical health domain at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 14.1 (SD 3.4) | 166 | 14.7 (SD 3.3) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, physical health domain at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.9 (SD 3.5) | 141 | 14.7 (SD 3.3) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, psychological domain (e.g. How much do you enjoy life?) at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.4 (SD 2.6) | 174 | 12.6 (SD 2.8) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, psychological domain at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.3 (SD 3) | 151 | 13.4 (SD 2.7) | 141 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, psychological domain at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.3 (SD 2.9) | 166 | 13.3 (SD 2.7) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, psychological domain at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 12.9 (SD 2.8) | 141 | 13.3 (SD 3) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social relationships domain (e.g. How satisfied are you with your personal relationship?) at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.8 (SD 2.9) | 174 | 13.3 (SD 3.4) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social relationships domain at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.7 (SD 3.4) | 151 | 14 (SD 3.4) | 141 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social relationships domain at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.9 (SD 3.5) | 166 | 14.2 (SD 3.3) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social relationships domain at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 14 (SD 3.4) | 141 | 14.2 (SD 3.4) | 148 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, social relationships domain at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 13.7 (3.3) | 169 | 13.9 (SD 3.5) | 167 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environment domain (e.g. How satisfied are you with your access to health services?) at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 15.2 (SD 2.4) | 174 | 15.3 (SD 2.5) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environment domain at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 15.4 (SD 2.6) | 151 | 15.7 (SD 2.3) | 141 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environment domain at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 15.2 (SD 2.6) | 166 | 15.6 (SD 2.6) | 157 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environment domain at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 15.3 (SD 2.6) | 141 | 15.7 (SD 2.6) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL, environment domain at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 14.9 (SD 2.6) | 169 | 15.7 (SD 2.7) | 167 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| EQ‐5D, tariff at MBCT + 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.727 (SD 0.295) | 174 | 0.760 (SD 0.226) | 173 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| EQ‐5D, tariff at 9 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.735 (SD 0.256) | 151 | 0.733 (SD 0.234) | 142 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| EQ‐5D, tariff at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.721 (SD 0.293) | 167 | 0.764 (SD 0.248) | 156 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| EQ‐5D, tariff at 18 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.723 (SD 0.282) | 142 | 0.768 (SD 0.243) | 149 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| EQ‐5D, tariff at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.715 (SD 0.310) | 169 | 0.757 (SD 0.266) | 166 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| WHO QoL‐BREF, psychological domain at MBCT at 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 24.08 (95% CI 22.62 to 25.53) | 60 | 22.86 (95% CI 21.34 to 24.39) | 59 | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group |
| WHO QoL‐BREF, psychological domain at 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 18.88 (95% CI 17.88 to 19.89) | 60 | 17.47 (95% CI 16.24 to 18.70) | 59 | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group |
| WHO QoL‐BREF, social domain at 1 month, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 10.09 (95% CI 9.55 to 10.64) | 60 | 9.07 (95% CI 8.37 to 9.77) | 59 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| 11. Other reported outcomes | ||||||
| Medical comorbidity (measured by medical symptom list) at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 21 (SD 14) | 167 | 19.3 (SD 13.7) | 156 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Medical comorbidity (measured by medical symptom list) at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 22.2 (SD 14.6) | 169 | 21.7 (SD 16.3) | 167 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Psychiatric comorbidity (number of comorbid diagnoses) at 12 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.1 (SD 0.3) | 196 | 0.1 (SD 0.4) | 169 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Psychiatric comorbidity (number of comorbid diagnoses) at 24 months, mean score | Kuyken 2015 | 0.3 (SD 0.7) | 183 | 0.3 (SD 0.6) | 183 | study authors reported no differences between groups |
| Psychiatric comorbidity (number of comorbid diagnoses) at 15 months, mean score | Kuyken 2008 | 0.34 (SD 0.64) | NR | 0.7 (SD 1.01) | NR | study authors reported a statistically significant difference in favour of discontinuation group (N = 114; number for each group not reported) |
| Subjective distress (rated by patients on a scale of 1 (the least distressing episode of depression I have ever experienced) to 100 (the most distressing episode of depression I have ever experienced)) | Kuyken 2008 | 59.65 (95% CI 51.82 to 67.18) | 61 | 62.56 (95% CI 56.16 to 68.96) | 62 | study authors reported a non‐statistically significant difference |
| Comparison 4: discontinuation with minimal intervention vs usual care | ||||||
| 11. Other reported outcomes | ||||||
| Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) (frequency and severity of symptoms of worrying) at endpoint, mean score | Eveleigh 2018 | 42 (SD 14.3) | 50 | 39.3 (SD 12.7) | 54 | no conclusions made by study authors |
| Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNES) for assessing expectations and distress associated with negative evaluations by others | Eveleigh 2018 | 10.3 (SD 11.0) | 54 | 8.4 (SD 10.1) | 56 | no conclusions made by study authors |
BDI: Beck Depression Inventory.
CGI‐I: Clinical Global Impression of Improvement Scale.
DESS: Discontinuation‐Emergent Signs and Symptoms Scale.
EQ‐5D: EuroQoL Group Quality of Life Questionnaire based on 5 dimensions.
GHQ: General Health Questionnaire.
HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
HAM‐D: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression.
IDS‐SR: Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology–Self‐Report.
LES‐S: Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Scale.
LIFE: Longitudinal Internal Follow‐up Evaluation.
MADRS: Montgomery‐Åsberg Depression Rating Scale.
MBCT: mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy.
PDSS: Panic Disorder Severity Scale.
Q‐LES‐Q: Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire.
SCID: scheduled clinical interview for DSM‐IV.
SD: standard deviation.
SE: standard error.
SF‐36: Short Form 36.
SQ: Symptom Questionnaire.
SQ‐SS: Symptom Questionnaire Somatic Subscale.
VAS: visual analog scale.
WHO QoL: World Health Organization Quality of Life.
WHO QoL‐BREF: World Health Organization Cross‐Cultural Comparisons of Quality of Life.