3. Network meta‐analysis results: children.
| Outcome | Mean rank | Interventions | |||
| Treatment success defined as achieving both normal and improved NPC and PFV RR (95% CI) |
1.0 | Office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement | |||
| 2.1 | 1.96 (1.32, 2.94); high‐certainty evidence | Home‐based computer vergence/accommodative therapy | |||
| 3.3 | 2.86 (1.82, 4.35); high‐certainty evidence | 1.44 (0.93, 2.24); low‐certainty evidence | Home‐based pencil/target push‐ups | ||
| 3.6 | 3.04 (2.32, 3.98); high‐certainty evidence | 1.55 (1.00, 2.41); moderate‐certainty evidence | 1.08 (0.66, 1.74); low‐certainty evidence | Placebo intervention | |
| Treatment success defined as achieving normal and improved NPC, PFV, and CISS RR (95% CI) |
1.0 | Office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement | |||
| 3.4 | 4.65 (1.23, 17.54); low‐certainty evidence | Home‐based computer vergence/accommodative therapy | |||
| 3.1 | 4.41 (1.26, 15.38); low‐certainty evidence | 0.95 (0.29, 3.07); low‐certainty evidence | Home‐based pencil/target push‐ups | ||
| 2.5 | 5.12 (2.01, 13.07); moderate‐certainty evidence | 1.10 (0.28, 4.40); low‐certainty evidence | 1.16 (0.31, 4.35); low‐certainty evidence | Placebo intervention | |
| NPC MD (95% CI) |
1.0 | Office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement | |||
| 2.1 | 2.08 (0.11, 4.06) | Home‐based computer vergence/accommodative therapy | |||
| 3.0 | 3.43 (1.46, 5.40) | 1.35 (‐0.57, 3.27) | Home‐based pencil/target push‐ups | ||
| 3.9 | 5.01 (3.56, 6.46) | 2.93 (1.03, 4.83) | 1.58 (‐0.33, 3.49) | Placebo intervention | |
| PFV MD (95% CI) |
1.0 | Office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement | |||
| 2.0 | 8.51 (5.67, 11.35) | Home‐based computer vergence/accommodative therapy | |||
| 3.3 | 13.10 (10.42, 15.78) | 4.58 (2.17, 6.99) | Home‐based pencil/target push‐ups | ||
| 3.7 | 13.78 (11.41, 16.14) | 5.26 (2.72, 7.81) | 0.68 (‐1.67, 3.04) | Placebo intervention | |
| CISS score MD (95% CI) |
1.0 | Office‐based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement | |||
| 3.0 | 8.63 (1.84, 15.42) | Home‐based computer vergence/accommodative therapy | |||
| 3.5 | 9.92 (3.72, 16.12) | 1.29 (‐4.74, 7.32) | Home‐based pencil/target push‐ups | ||
| 2.4 | 6.79 (1.21, 12.36) | ‐1.84 (‐7.95, 4.27) | ‐3.13 (‐8.65, 2.38) | Placebo intervention | |
CI: confidence interval; CISS: Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey; MD: mean difference; NPC: near point of convergence; PFV: positive fusional vergence; RR: risk ratio
Values in cells equal improvement (or risk) in column‐defining intervention, minus (or divided by) improvement (or risk) in row‐defining intervention; a MD greater than zero or a RR greater than 1 indicates greater improvement in column‐defining intervention. We used the Confidence in Network Meta‐Analysis (CINeMA) framework for evaluating the certainty of evidence for our primary outcome of 'treatment success' (see Figure 4 and Figure 5).