Hu 2013.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: Randomized controlled trial Study grouping: Parallel group How were participants recruited: Hospital Type of RCT: Prospective, randomized, 12‐week, open‐label,flexible‐dose, parallel‐group study
Participants	Baseline characteristics Paliperidone ER Sex(N, % female, % male): female 12 (36%), male 21 (64%) Age (mean, SD): 25.24 (SD 8.49) years Number of participants: 33 patients (completed the entire 12‐week treatment protocol Ethnicity: Han Chinese (100%) olanzapine Sex (N, % female, % male): female 6 (26%), male 17 (74%) Age (mean, SD): 28.65 (SD 7.14) years Number of participants: 23 patients (completed the entire 12‐week treatment protocol Ethnicity: Han Chinese (100%) Overall Sex (N, % female, % male): female 18 (32%), male 38 (68%) Age: not reported Number of participants: 56 Ethnicity: Han Chinese (100%) Inclusion criteria: Inpatients, aged 18 to 45 years, fulfilled diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, body mass index (BMI) 18 to 30 kg/m2, and they must either not have received any antipsychotic treatments in the past or they must not have been taking an antipsychotic medication for at least 3 months were included Exclusion criteria: Treatment with paliperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, or antidepressant within 1 month; current treatment with insulin or oral antidiabetic agents, or a prior diagnosis of diabetes or hyperlipidaemia; current substance abuse; a current medical condition that may affect glucose/lipid metabolism; and pregnancy Pretreatment: The groups did not differ significantly on any characteristic (p>0.05).
Interventions	Intervention characteristics Paliperidone ER Class of drug: Antipsychotic Dose: Variable; aiming for 6 mg/day (mean 7.55, SD 2.27 mg/day) Frequency: Daily Duration: 12 weeks Who delivered the intervention? Not reported Type of intervention: Pharmacological Olanzapine Class of drug: Antipsychotic Dose: Variable, aiming for 15 mg/day (mean 15.87, SD 3.34 mg/day) Frequency: Daily Duration: 12 week Who delivered the intervention? Not reported Type of intervention: Pharmacological
Outcomes	Fasting glucose Outcome type: Continuous Reporting: Fully reported Unit of measure: mmol/l Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint BMI Outcome type: Continuous Unit of measure: kg/m2 Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint Waist circumference Outcome type: Continuous Reporting: Fully reported Unit of measure: cm Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint Drop‐out Outcome type: Dichotomous Reporting: Fully reported Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint Notes: drop‐outs reported but baseline sample is excluding drop outs
Identification	Sponsorship source: This work is partly supported by a grant fromShanghai Commission of Science and Technology (No. 10440710200). Country: China Setting: Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, and Kangci Hospital of Jiaxing.) Comments: ‐ Authors name: Shaohua Hu, Mingrong Yao Institution: Department of Mental Health, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Email: xuyi61@yahoo.com.cn Address: Department of Mental Health, First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "List of random sequence assignments for each drug was drawn up by a computer at the beginning of the study". "80 participants were randomly assigned to treatment sequentially, with an equal probability of receiving paliperidone ER or olanzapine, 40 participants in each group. "
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Quote: "a prospective, randomized, 12‐week, open‐label, flexible‐dose, parallel‐group study". Judgement's comment: No blinding was done. Measures of blood glucose less likely to be influenced than measure of waist circumference.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	No blinding was done. Measures of blood glucose less likely to be influenced than measure of waist circumference and drop‐outs.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	7/40 patients in paliperidone group and 17/40 in olanzapine group discontinued treatment. Outcomes only reported for patients who completed treatment (as treated analysis). Some drop‐outs were due to adverse effects (more in olanzapine arm) or poor response. It is likely that adverse effects of olanzapine are underestimated.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Protocol not referenced.
Other sources of bias	Unclear risk	Quote: "we were unable to perform an intent‐to‐treat analyses because all patients who dropped out failed to complete 4 weeks of treatment, and therefore the missing data could not be addressed appropriately using the Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF)". Judgement's comment: Only baseline characteristics for those who completed the study are reported. No reporting of conflicts of interest.