Saddichha 2008.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: Randomized controlled trial Study grouping: Parallel group How were participants recruited: All consecutive inpatients diagnosed with first episode schizophrenia Type of RCT: Randomized, double‐blind, controlled prospective study
Participants	Baseline characteristics Risperidone Sex (N, % female, % male): female 15 (45%), male 18 (55%) Age (mean, SD): 26.0 (SD 5.5) years (across all treatment group) Number of participants: 33 haloperidol Sex (N, % female, % male): female 15 (48%), male 16 (52%) Age (mean, SD): 26.0 (SD 5.5) years (across all treatment group) Number of participants: 31 olanzapine Sex (N, % female, % male): female 17 (49%), male 18 (51%) Age (mean, SD): 26.0 (SD 5.5) years (across all treatment group) Number of participants: 35 control Sex (N, % female, % male): female 21 (41%, )male 30 (59%) Age (mean, SD): 27.5 (SD 5.9) years Number of participants: 51 Overall Gender (N, % female, % male) female 47 (47%), male 52 (53%) Age (mean, SD) : 26.06 (SD 5.5) years Number of participants: 150 Inclusion criteria: Consenting inpatients. Diagnosed with DSM IV schizophrenia. Controls ‐ consecutively seen accompanying persons of patients attending the institute Exclusion criteria: Patients with other psychiatric comorbidity or history of severe physical illness. Alcohol and substance abuse or dependence. History of pre‐existing diabetes or hypertension or family history of hypertension or DM. Pretreatment: There were no significant differences between the groups in age, gender and fasting blood sugar (FBS).However, a significant difference in 2 hour post‐prandial blood sugar (PPBS) was noted between the control group and the treatment group, which persisted only for males
Interventions	Intervention characteristics Risperidone Class of drug: Second generation antipsychotic Dose: 4.4 ± 1.2 mg Frequency: Daily Duration: 6 weeks Who delivered the intervention? Not reported Type of intervention: Pharmacological Haloperidol Class of drug: First generation antipsychotic Dose: 13.4 ± 3.6 mg Frequency: Daily Duration: 6 weeks Who delivered the intervention? Not reported Type of intervention: Pharmacological Olanzapine Class of drug: Second generation antipsychotic Dose: 16.5 ± 4.6 mg Frequency: Daily Duration: 6 weeks Who delivered the intervention? Not reported Type of intervention: Pharmacological Control Class of drug: Not mentioned/no (Healthy control) Dose: Not mentioned Frequency: Not mentioned Duration: ‐ Who delivered the intervention? Not mentioned Type of intervention: Not mentioned
Outcomes	Fasting blood sugar Outcome type: Continuous Reporting: Fully reported Unit of measure: mg/dl Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint Diabetes ‐ ADA criteria Outcome type: Dichotomous Reporting: Fully reported Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint Diabetes ‐ WHO criteria (FBS) Outcome type: Continuous Reporting: Fully reported Scale: WHO criteria Unit of measure: mg/dl Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint Drop‐outs Outcome type: Dichotomous Reporting: Fully reported Direction: Lower is better Data value: Endpoint
Identification	Sponsorship source: Not mentioned Country: India Setting: Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, India which is a referral psychiatric institute Comments: ‐ Authors name: S Saddichha Institution: National Tobacco Control Programme, WHO India, Bhubaneshwar Email: saddichha@gmail.com Address: 790, Govind Prasad, Mahabir Nagar Road 2, Cuttack Road, Bhubaneswar 751012, India.
Notes	Dr Sharad Philip on 11/08/2019 05:47 Population Details not given in the text of the article or tables about O, R and H groups.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	Quote: "All consecutive patients with a DSM‐IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, in the Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, India". "Patients included in the study were randomized to receive risperidone, olanzapine or haloperidol. " Judgement comment: no sequence generation was reported. It appears randomizations may have taken place between antipsychotics but not vs control arm.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Judgement comment: not mentioned. Decision of O vs R vs H was in routine care.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Judgement comment: the study was double blind, however, no detailed information on how they were blinded.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Quote: "All assessments were performed by a single investigator blind to the diagnosis and medication prescribed and all investigations were carried out in the same laboratory."
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Drop‐outs unclear.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No reference to protocol.
Other sources of bias	Low risk	No other sources of bias identified.