Ghaffari 2015.

Study characteristics
Methods	Country: USA Type of study: observational, single centre Design: prospective cohort study Time frame: 15 March 2010 to 15 March 2013 Duration of follow‐up: mean duration 810 ± 390 days
Participants	Number: treatment group (46); control group (78) Mean age ± SD (years): not reported Sex (males): not reported DM: not reported
Interventions	Treatment group USPD Control group USHD
Outcomes	Bacteraemia Peritonitis Exit‐site infection Hospitalisation Technique survival
Notes	Included unplanned start incident ESKD patients, ITT analysis The authors attempted but were unable to contact primary investigators for additional data
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Selection: representativeness of exposed cohort	Low risk	ESKD patients who required urgent‐start PD admitted to a single centre
Selection: non exposed cohort	Low risk	ESKD patients who required HD via central line from the same hospital during the same period of study
Selection: ascertainment of exposure	Low risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Selection: demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at the start of the study	Low risk	Outcomes unlikely to be present before the study
Comparability of cohorts on basis of design or analysis	Unclear risk	Reported adjusted estimates for outcomes including bacteraemia and hospitalisation, but it was unclear about the factors adjusted in analysis
Outcome: assessment	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Outcome: follow‐up length	Low risk	Adequate follow‐up duration
Outcome: adequacy of follow‐up	Low risk	ITT analysis