Itaya 2011.
Study characteristics | ||
Methods |
Study design: parallel RCT Number of centers/setting: not reported Country: Japan Dates of the study: not reported |
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Participants |
Total number of participants randomized: 51
Age: not reported Sex (M/F): all male Stone location:
Stone size: not reported Inclusion criteria: males with ureteral stones who underwent SWL Exclusion criteria: not reported |
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Interventions |
Treatment group:
Control group: control Comparator group: naftopidil 75 mg/day SWL: not reported |
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Outcomes | Stone clearance, stone free rate
Subgroups: stone location (upper ureteral) |
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Funding sources | Not reported | |
Declarations of interest | Not reported | |
Notes |
Language of publication: English Type of publication: abstract only Date of contact attempt with study authors: none Contact status: N/A |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Comment: method of random sequence generation unclear. |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Comment: unclear whether allocation was concealed. |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Comment: no placebo use described; participants likely not blinded. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Investigator assessed; susceptible (stone clearance, time to stone clearance) | High risk | Comment: outcome assessors likely not blinded. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Investigator assessed; susceptible (major adverse events) | High risk | Comment: outcome assessors likely not blinded. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Comment: unable to assess what proportion of randomized participants were included in outcome analyses. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Comment: no protocol available. |
Other bias (additional SWL sessions) | Unclear risk | Comment: unclear whether > 1 SWL session was administered. |