Figure 3. Immunological binding activity of the VPAV with (A) whole venoms of the Sri Lankan and South Indian Daboia russelii; (B) protein fractions of the venom eluted by reverse-phase HPLC (DrSL); (C) protein fractions of the venom eluted by reverse-phase HPLC (DrI). Indian D. russelii venom was used as positive control and Calloselasma rhodostoma venom as negative control. Absorbance values were obtained by indirect ELISA and expressed as mean ± S.D. from three experiments.