Table 1.

Summary of ceramic bone graft data from systematic review (Nickoli and Hsu).¹⁰

	Total Patients, no.	Fused Patients, no.	Overall Fusion Rate, %	Fusion Rate Range, %
Ceramic only	69	56	81.2	77.6–90.0
Ceramic with local autograft	453	407	89.8	52.6–100.0
Ceramic with ICBG	87	77	88.5	78.9–100.0
Ceramic with BMA	215	156	72.6	4.5–95.5
Ceramic with local autograft + BMA	242	221	91.3	85.0–95.0

Abbreviations: BMA, bone marrow aspirate; ICBG, iliac crest bone autograft.