Table 2.

MAC intervention materials.

Item	Purpose	Content	Mode and frequency of use
Ready, set, action form	To guide assessment and goal-setting activities.	“Ready” includes assessment of: • Diabetes self-management behaviors (diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, medication adherence) via 5 items adapted from the SDSCA [39] • Knowledge of diabetes clinical indicators (1-item created for this study); • Emotional well-being via the 2-item, Diabetes Distress Screener [77]; • Health literacy via the Single-Item Literacy Screener [78]. “Set” is used to explore a participant’s readiness-to- change self-management behaviors that are not currently at target based on the brief assessment. “Act” details the participant’s SMART goal, and potential barriers and strengths/resources that are relevant to achieving the selected goal.	Used during initial health coaching encounter, as well as during any subsequent (in-clinic or telephone) encounter in which a reassessment is conducted and/ or a new SMART goal is set.
Educational visuals	To address informational deficits that are identified as barriers to effective diabetes self-management.	Core education in the following diabetes domains: healthful eating, physical activity, medication adherence, blood glucose monitoring, blood pressure monitoring, clinical targets, and emotional well-being.	Used during clinic-based encounters as needed. While primarily used as a conversational tool, one or more pages may be printed and provided to the participant in handout form at the MA Health Coach’s discretion.
Medication reconciliation form	To assess knowledge, use, and barriers related to medications for diabetes and related chronic conditions.	Structured assessment of: • Knowledge of the medication’s intended purpose. • Understanding of how to take the medication (dosage, timing, frequency). • Actual use of the medication. • Barriers to taking the medication as prescribed (e.g., side effects, insurance coverage).	Used during in-clinic or telephone encounters when medication adherence challenges are reported or suspected.
Blood glucose monitoring calendar	To document blood glucose values and increase participants’ awareness of the impact of health behaviors on glucose levels.	Structured in month-at-a-glance format, the calendar includes a red oval on each calendar day where participants are asked to record (fasting or post-prandial) blood glucose values. Each calendar day also includes blank space for participants to transcribe observations of what behaviors might have contributed to the observed value(s).	Provided to the participants during in-clinic encounters, and reviewed during subsequent (in-clink or telephone) health coaching encounters.

MA - Medical assistant. SDSCA - Summary of diabetes self-care activities.