TABLE 1. Review of cases published in literature.

Study	Year	Number of cases	Presentation	Location of the disc material	Surgical technique	Outcome
Espersen et al.	1984	1		C2–3 level	Cloward's technique
Jomin et al.	1986	2		C2–3 level	ACDF
Rosemberg et al.	1991	2	Myelopathy	Retro-odontoïd	Posterior transdural	1 improved, 1 stable
Nishizawa et al.	1996	1	Myelopathy	Retro-odontoïd	Posterior transdural
Chen and Luis	1997	1	Myelopathy	Retro-odontoïd	Transoral odontoidectomy+C1–2 fusion	Improved
Nishizawa et al.	1999	3	Myelopathy	2 Retro-odontoïd	Posterior transdural	All improved
				1 C2–3 level
Antich et al.	1999	1	Myelopathy	C2–3 level	ACDF	Improved
Campbell	2000	1	Myelopathy	Retro-odontoïd	Transoral odontoidectomy
Chen	2000	8	Myelopathy	C2–3 level	ACDF	6 improved, 2 stable
Matsutano et al.	2004	1	Myelopathy	Retro-odontoïd	Far lateral
Deshmukh et al.	2004	1	C2 Radiculopathy	Retro-odontoïd	Posterior extradural	Improved
Türe et al.	2007	1	C3 radiculopathy	C2–3 level	Anterolateral extradural approach	Improved
Chan et al.	2009	1	Myelopathy	C2–3 level	C3 transcorporeal
Kotil and Sengoz	2011	5	Myelo-radiculopathy C2–3	C2–3 level	Discectomie antérieure+greffe	3 improved, 2 stable
N'Dri et al.	2014	1	Myelo-radiculopathy	C2–3 level	Anterolateral extradural approach	Improved
Current case	2020	1	Myelopathy	C2–3 level	Posterior approach (decompression & fixation)	Improved

This table is sourced from Oka et al.¹⁶⁾

ACDF: anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.