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Effects of camptothecin (CPT) on the MAPK signaling pathway in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Tissue lysates were prepared and subjected to western blot using (a, b) p-ERK1/2, (a, c) p-JNK1/2, and (a, d) p-P38 antibodies. The p-ERK1/2, p-JNK1/2, and p-P38 immunoreactive bands were digitized and expressed as a ratio of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and P38 levels (b–d). Values are presented as mean ± SD (∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001 vs. the DSS group).
