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. 2021 May 3;12:2493. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22767-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a The distribution of body mass index (BMI) in the two cohorts. b A volcano plot showing the differentially expressed proteins at baseline in the non-obesity group in T2D and wellness cohorts. The X-axis represents log₂ fold-change (FC) and the Y-axis represents log₁₀ (adjusted P-values). Differentially expressed proteins were defined as proteins with adjusted P-values < 0.05 (two-way balanced ANOVA for study cohort with gender as covariate). Multiple test corrections have been applied for P-values using Benjamini and Hochberg method. c Three examples of the upregulated proteins in the non-obesity T2D patients compared to the non-obesity healthy individuals in the wellness cohort. Box plots show medians and the 25th and 75th percentiles, whiskers show the largest and smallest values (n = 89 samples), error bars represent mean ± SD. d Three examples of the down-regulated proteins in the non-obesity T2D patients. e PCA results presenting the expression patterns of healthy and disease individuals at baseline based on the protein profiles of differentially expressed proteins between the non-obesity groups in T2D and wellness cohorts. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.