Table 2.

General linear modelling for sAF predictors in the full cohort and DKD risk in the renal sub-study.

	β	SE	Pvariable	Pmodel r2adj
Dependent: sAF
Model 1
Diabetes duration	0.0250	0.0049	5.08 × 10–7***	1.47 × 10–12
Height	-1.2972	0.2682	1.93 × 10–6***
BMI	0.0200	0.0066	0.0025**	0.1356
Model 2
Diabetes duration	0.0248	0.0049	6.27 × 10–7***	8.77 × 10–12
Height	-1.2367	0.3613	6.88 × 10–4***	0.1372
BMI	0.0185	0.0066	0.0053**
Age	0.0203	0.0124	0.1022
Sex	0.0078	0.0695	0.9099
Dependent: DKD Risk
Model 1
eGFR	0.0235	0.0038	5.53 × 10–9 ***	2.2 × 10–9
sAF	0.3259	0.1573	0.0402*	0.2446
Model 2
Diabetes duration	0.1049	0.0122	2.42 × 10–14***	< 2.2 × 10–16
eGFR	0.0130	0.0033	1.2 × 10–4***	0.5077
sAF	0.0303	0.1310	0.8928
Model 3
Diabetes duration	0.0906	0.0124	2.42 × 10–11***	< 2.2 × 10–16
Random BG	0.0705	0.0173	7.78 × 10–5***	0.5594
eGFR	0.0097	0.0032	3.13 × 10–3**
sAF	0.0161	0.1312	0.9023
Model 4
Diabetes duration	0.0872	0.0128	3.32 × 10–10***	< 2.2 × 10–16
Random BG	0.0699	0.0184	2.19 × 10–4***	0.5549
eGFR	0.0099	0.0033	3.12 × 10–3***
Height	0.7168	1.0625	0.5011
sAF	0.0088	0.1392	0.9499
Sex (M)	-0.1667	0.1857	0.3711

For full cohort—Control, N = 299; Diabetes, N = 100 individuals. For renal sub-study—Control, N = 49; Diabetes, N = 89 individuals. DKD risk is defined on a scale of 0–3, where 0 = No diabetes; 1 = type 1 diabetes and lowest uACR tertile; 2 = type 1 diabetes and middle uACR tertile and 3 = type 1 diabetes and highest uACR tertile. SE standard error, sAF skin autofluorescence, BG blood glucose, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.