Figure 1.

Summary of Differences of Most Commonly Used Conduits

Comparative summary highlighting the differences among the most commonly used conduits: internal mammary artery (IMA), saphenous vein graft (SVG), radial artery (RA), and gastroepiploic artery (GEA). (Far right) The numbers are PubMed identifiers. The top panel was created using BioRender. cGMP = cyclic guanidine monophosphate; COL = collagen; CRF = corticotropin releasing factor; Cx43 = connexin-43; ECs = endothelial cells; ELN = elastin; ET: endothelin; HT = hydroxytryptamine; MMP = matrix metalloproteinase; NE = norepinephrine; PLAT/tPA = tissue-type plasminogen activator; PMID = PubMed ID; ROS = reactive oxygen species; SMCs = smooth muscle cells; TP = thromboxane-prostanoid; TxA2 = thromboxane A2; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; VSMC = vascular smooth muscle cell.