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. 2021 Mar 18;11(9):4803–4815. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7382

TABLE 1.

Types of traditional biodiversity surveys, which have been compared to eDNA method

Capture‐based surveys Visual search surveys Acoustic surveys

Angling (O'Sullivan et al., 2020)

Baited trapping (Riascos et al., 2018)

Blacklight traps (Maslo et al., 2017)

Bottle trapping (Cai et al., 2017)

Bottom trawling (Thomsen et al., 2012

Cast netting (Fujii et al., 2019)

Dip netting (Fujii et al., 2019)

Electrofishing (Fernández et al., 2019)

Fungi fruiting body collection (Shirouzu et al., 2016)

Fyke netting (Harper, Griffiths, et al., 2019)

Gill netting (Gillet et al., 2018)

Hand picking (Doi et al., 2020)

Host necropsy (Trujillo‐González et al., 2019)

Kick netting (Rice et al., 2018)

Minnow traps (Fujii et al., 2019)

Mosquito magnets (Boerlijst et al., 2019)

Night aquatic funnel traps (Rose et al., 2019)

Pollen analysis (Sjögren et al., 2017)

Seine hauls (Johnston & Janosik, 2019)

Surber sampling (McInerney & Rees, 2018)

Tow netting (Minegishi et al., 2019)

Zooplankton netting (Walsh et al., 2019)

Baited remote underwater video station (BRUVS) (Stat et al., 2019)

Camera traps (Sales et al., 2020)

Diving (Wood et al., 2019)

Egg search (Harper et al., 2018)

Fossil analysis (Parducci et al., 2019)

Scat (Thomsen et al., 2012)

Snorkelling (O’Sullivan et al., 2020)

Snow tracks (Franklin et al., 2019)

Tadpole search (Dejeanet al., 2012)

Torchlight surveys (Rees et al., 2014)

Underwater visual census (UVC) (Alsoset al., 2018)

Water binocular (Trebitz et al., 2019)

Visual encounter surveys (VESs) (Schütz et al., 2020)

Audio strip transects (ASTs) (Dejean et al., 2012)

Calling surveys (Lopes et al., 2017)

Hydroacoustics (Coulter et al., 2018)

Telemetry (Mize et al., 2019)