Table 3.

Prospective associations of paternal psychopathology with antenatal and postnatal father-to-child attachment.

		N	Mean	SD	B	t	p	95% CI
Antenatal attachment (PAAS)
PAAS sum score	No AD	30	62.90	5.54
	Pure A	21	62.71	6.32	−0.18	−0.11	0.911	−3.37	3.01
	Pure D	12	60.00	5.98	4.17	–2.09	0.041	–8.15	–0.18
	Comorbid AD	13	62.62	5.36	1.38	−0.72	0.477	−5.22	2.46
PAAS quality of attachment	No AD	30	35.70	2.87
	Pure A	21	35.14	3.15	−0.55	−0.72	0.473	−2.08	0.98
	Pure D	12	35.25	2.86	1.20	−1.25	0.215	−3.10	0.71
	Comorbid AD	13	35.15	2.03	1.19	−1.29	0.201	−3.03	0.65
PAAS intensity of attachment	No AD	30	18.77	2.88
	Pure A	21	18.86	3.17	0.09	0.11	0.915	−1.63	1.81
	Pure D	12	16.33	2.71	–2.77	–2.57	0.012	–4.91	–0.62
	Comorbid AD	13	18.46	3.43	0.59	−0.57	0.570	−2.66	1.47
Postnatal attachment (PPAS)
PPAS sum score	No AD	30	75.97	9.10
	Pure A	21	74.24	1.03	−1.73	−0.68	0.496	−6.62	3.31
	Pure D	12	76.13	7.08	−0.43	−0.14	0.892	−6.71	5.85
	Comorbid AD	13	77.05	6.82	0.58	0.19	0.850	−5.48	6.63
PPAS patience and tolerance	No AD	30	31.53	4.47
	Pure A	21	32.48	4.44	0.95	0.80	0.424	−1.41	3.31
	Pure D	12	32.45	3.59	0.39	0.27	0.791	−2.55	3.33
	Comorbid AD	13	32.86	3.42	0.87	0.62	0.540	−1.96	3.71
PPAS pleasure in interaction	No AD	30	25.55	4.48
	Pure A	21	23.35	4.58	−2.20	−1.81	0.074	−4.63	0.22
	Pure D	12	24.49	3.84	−1.07	−0.70	0.483	−4.10	1.96
	Comorbid AD	13	25.24	3.37	−0.32	−0.22	0.826	−3.24	2.60
PPAS affection an pride	No AD	30	18.89	1.61
	Pure A	21	18.41	2.32	−0.47	−0.97	0.333	−1.44	0.49
	Pure D	12	19.18	0.72	0.25	0.41	0.682	−0.96	1.45
	Comorbid AD	13	18.95	1.21	0.03	0.04	0.965	−1.14	1.19

PAAS, antenatal father-to-child-attachment; PPAS, postpartal father-to-child-attachment; pure A anxiety disorder only; pure D depressive disorder only; comorbid AD comorbid anxiety and depressive disorder. b, unstandardised regression coefficient; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; t, T-Test; CI, confidence interval; p, significance level at 0.05. Bold prints indicate statistical significance at p < 0.05.