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. 2021 Apr 20;12:659613. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.659613

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Copyright © 2021 Barbieri, Pimenta, de Melo, Nolan, de Souza and Logue.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile of 107 avian Escherichia coli isolates. The PFGE dendrogram was constructed by the unweighted-pair group method with arithmetic averages. The scale indicates levels of similarity within this set of isolates based upon XbaI enzyme restriction digestion of total bacterial DNA. The column Sample shows isolate designation; the column flock, indicates the farm the isolate came from (1–3); the column Age, days or weeks old of the bird; bird shows type of bird; Sample Site, site of bacterial isolation; the subsequent columns depict the antimicrobial resistance and PCR results for virulence genes (VAGs) tested, with presence indicated in black and absence indicated in white; Phylo, phylogenetic group.