TABLE 3.
CRISPR variants applied to genetically modified mouse and rat models.
| Application | Type – Variant - Name | PAM 5′-3′ | Cleavage | GM mice | GM rats |
| Classical GE | II- SpCas9 | NGG | Blunt DSB | Wang et al., 2013b | Li D. et al., 2013; Li W. et al., 2013 |
| Specificity enhancement | II- E -Hypa SpCas9 | NGG | Blunt DSB | Ikeda et al., 2019 | – |
| II- E -SpCas9 nickase | NGG | Nick | Ran et al., 2013 | – | |
| Enlarge targeting possibilities | II- E -SpCas9 VQR | NGA | Blunt DSB | Robertson et al., 2018 | – |
| II- E -SpCas9 VRER | NGCG | Blunt DSB | Robertson et al., 2018 | – | |
| II- E -SpCas9-NG | NGN | Blunt DSB | Fujii et al., 2019 | – | |
| II- SaCas9 | NNGRRT | Blunt DSB | Zhang X. et al., 2016 | Zheng et al., 2020 | |
| II- E -SaCas9 KKH | NNNRRT | Blunt DSB | Robertson et al., 2018 | – | |
| II- St1Cas9 | NNAGAAW | Blunt DSB | Fujii et al., 2016 | – | |
| II- CjCas9 | NNNVRYM | Blunt DSB | Kim et al., 2017 | – | |
| II- NmCas9 | NNNNGATT | Blunt DSB | Xia et al., 2018 | – | |
| II- FnCas9 | NGG | 5′ staggered | Hirano et al., 2016 | – | |
| V-A- AsCpf1 (Cas12a) | TTTV | 5′ staggered | Hur et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2016 | Lee J. G. et al., 2019; Yeo et al., 2019 | |
| V-A- LbCpf1 (Cas12a) | TTTV | 5′ staggered | Kim et al., 2016 | Lee J. G. et al., 2019 | |
| V-A- ErCas12a CRISPR-Mad7 | TTTN, CTTN | 5′ staggered | Liu Z. et al., 2020 | Liu Z. et al., 2020 | |
| V-A- CRISPR-Mb3Cas12a | TTV | 5′ staggered | Wang Z. et al., 2020 | – | |
| V-B- AaCas12b (C2c1) | TTN | 5′ staggered | Teng et al., 2018 | – | |
| Alternative editing | Cytosine base editing II- E -SpBE2 II- E -HF2-SpBE2 II- E -SpBE3 II- E -Sp-BE4 II- E -Sp-VQR-BE3 II- E -SaBE3 | NGG from NGG/A to NGG NGG NGG NGA NNGRRT | None None Nick Nick Nick Nick |
Lee et al., 2018 Liang P. et al., 2017 Zhang H. et al., 2018 Lee et al., 2018 Lee et al., 2018 Liu et al., 2018 |
- - - - - - |
| Adenosine base editing II- E -SpABE7.10 II- E -SpVQR-ABE II- E -SaKKH-ABE | NGG NGA NNNRRT | Nick Nick Nick |
Liu et al., 2018 Yang L. et al., 2018 Yang L. et al., 2018 |
Yang L. et al., 2018
− − |
|
| Prime editing PE3 | NGG | 2 Nicks | Liu Y. et al., 2020 | – |
GE, genome editing; E, engineered Cas; GM, genetically modified model; DSB, double strand break; St1Cas9, Streptococcus thermophilus Cas9; CjCas9, Campylobacter jejuni Cas9; NmCas9, Neisseria meningitidis Cas9; FnCas9, Francisella novicida Cas9.