NCT01166256.

Study name	Comparison between high‐flow nasal cannula system and non‐invasive ventilation in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure
Methods	RCT, parallel‐group design
Participants	Estimated number of participants: 74 Setting: Korea Inclusion criteria: age ≥ 18 years, acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure Exclusion criteria: age < 18 years; PaCO2 > 45 mmHg at admission; need for emergency intubation; cardiogenic shock or severe haemodynamic instability; lack of co‐operation; altered mental status with decreased consciousness and/or evidence of inability to understand or lack of willingness to co‐operate with procedures; tracheotomy or other upper airway disorders; severe ventricular arrhythmia or active myocardial ischaemia; active upper gastrointestinal bleeding; inability to clear respiratory secretions; > 1 severe organ dysfunction in addition to respiratory failure
Interventions	Intervention group (HFNC): Optiflow, Fisher & Paykel, Auckland, New Zealand; titrated to SpO2 > 92% or PaO2 > 65 mmHg Control group (NIV): BiPAP (Vision, Respironics Inc., Murrysville, PA); S/T mode to achieve SpO2 > 92% or PaO2 > 65 mmHg
Outcomes	All outcomes reported: success rate of treatment; compliance with treatment; adverse event; hospital length of stay; hospital mortality Outcomes relevant to this review: success rate; adverse events; hospital length of stay; hospital mortality
Starting date	July 2010
Contact information	Chae‐Man Lim, MD, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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