| 1.1 Mortality before hospital discharge |
7 |
3640 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.97 [0.90, 1.04] |
| 1.2 Oxygen efficiency (PaO₂/FIO₂) Day 1 |
6 |
2594 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
51.03 [35.86, 66.20] |
| 1.3 Oxygen efficiency (PaO₂/FIO₂) Day 3 |
6 |
2309 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
50.32 [34.92, 65.72] |
| 1.4 Oxygen efficiency (PaO₂/FIO₂) Day 7 |
5 |
1611 |
Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) |
28.52 [20.82, 36.21] |
| 1.5 Oxygen efficiency (PaO₂/FIO₂) Day 1. Subgroup: patients with ARDS |
3 |
409 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
49.47 [15.49, 83.44] |
| 1.6 Oxygen efficiency (PaO₂/FIO₂) Day 3. Subgroup: patients with ARDS |
3 |
401 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
55.96 [41.39, 70.53] |
| 1.7 Barotrauma |
9 |
3791 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
1.00 [0.64, 1.57] |
| 1.8 Barotrauma. Subgroup: patients with ARDS |
4 |
1419 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.98 [0.33, 2.96] |
| 1.9 Ventilator‐free days (only studies reporting means) |
3 |
1654 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
0.45 [‐2.02, 2.92] |
| 1.10 Ventilator‐free days. Subgroup: patients with ARDS |
2 |
1105 |
Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) |
1.66 [‐4.20, 7.52] |
| 1.11 Mortality before hospital discharge (studies comparing high vs low levels of PEEP with or without other interventions) |
9 |
3788 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.91 [0.80, 1.02] |
| 1.12 Mortality within 28 days of randomisation |
7 |
3187 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.88 [0.73, 1.06] |
| 1.13 Mortality before hospital discharge. Subgroup: patients with ARDS |
4 |
1341 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.04 [0.95, 1.15] |
| 1.14 Mortality before hospital discharge. Subgroup: PEEP administered according to mechanical characteristics of the lung |
5 |
2108 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.00 [0.92, 1.09] |
| 1.15 Mortality before hospital discharge. Subgroup: PEEP administered according to FIO₂ and PaO₂ |
2 |
1532 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.79, 1.04] |
| 1.16 Mortality before hospital discharge. Subgroup: high PEEP and low tidal volume vs low PEEP and high tidal volume |
2 |
148 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.62 [0.44, 0.87] |
| 1.17 Mortality before hospital discharge. Subgroup (post‐hoc): high PEEP with previous recruitment manoeuvre |
5 |
2324 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) |
0.98 [0.87, 1.11] |
| 1.18 Mortality before hospital discharge. Subgroup (post‐hoc): decremental PEEP with previous recruitment manoeuvre |
4 |
1342 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
1.05 [0.95, 1.15] |
| 1.19 Mortality before hospital discharge. Sensitivity analysis: exclusion of studies at unclear and high risk of bias |
2 |
1750 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.80, 1.02] |
| 1.20 Mortality before hospital discharge. Sensitivity analysis: exclusion of studies with large effect sizes |
6 |
2632 |
Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) |
0.90 [0.81, 1.00] |
| 1.21 Ventilator‐free days |
7 |
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
| 1.22 Length of stay in ICU |
6 |
|
Other data |
No numeric data |
