10. Comparison 1: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) + treatment‐as‐usual (TAU) versus TAU: schema scores; at 12 months (skewed data).
Study | Outcome | Experimental group: CBT + TAU | Control group: TAU | Comparison of difference (95% CI) | Comments | ||||
Baseline mean (SD), [n] | Last value mean (SD), [n] | Difference (95% CI) | Baseline mean (SD), [n] | Last value mean (SD), [n] | Difference (95% CI) | ||||
Davidson 2009 | BCSS self‐as‐positive belief scores; at 12 months | 8.6 (5.7), [25] | 8.8 (6.3), [19] | 0.2 (−1.9 to 2.4), P = 0.84 | 7.8 (6.1) [27] | 7.2 (6.8), [20] | −0.1 (−3.0 to 2.7), P = 0.92 | −0.2 (−3.6 to 3.1), P = 0.89 | Favours neither group LOCF analysisa |
Davidson 2009 | BCSS self‐as‐negative belief scores; at 12 months | 8.6 (5.5), [25] | 7.7 (6.7), [19] | 2.2 (−0.4 to 4.8), P = 0.09 | 10.1 (6.6) [27] | 8.6 (6.1), [20] | 0.5 (−2.1 to 3.1), P = 0.68 | −0.8 (−4.3 to 2.7), P = 0.64 | Favours neither group LOCF analysisa |
Davidson 2009 | BCSS others‐as‐positive belief scores; at 12 months | 9.3 (6.1), [25] | 9.6 (6.4), [19] | −0.4 (−3.0 to 2.2), P = 0.74 | 6.6 (4.4) [27] | 5.6 (4.4), [20] | 1.2 (−1.0 to 3.4), P = 0.28 | −2.6 (−5.8 to 0.5), P = 0.10 | Favours neither group LOCF analysisa |
Davidson 2009 | BCSS others‐as‐negative belief scores; at 12 months | 12.9 (7.4), [25] | 11.9 (8.2), [19] | 0.2 (−1.7 to 2.1), P = 0.82 | 11.8 (7.1) [27] | 9.1 (5.3), [20] | 2.4 (−0.7 to 5.6), P = 0.12 | −2.4 (−5.8 to 0.9), P = 0.15 | Favours neither group LOCF analysisa |
BCSS: Brief Core Schema Scales; CBT: cognitive behavioural therapy; CI: confidence interval; LOCF: last‐observation‐carried‐forward; n: number of participants; SD: standard deviation; TAU: treatment as usual. |
aTrial investigators have used a last‐observation‐carried‐forward procedure (i.e. endpoint scores based on last available value).