Taheri HD 2009.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: parallel RCT Study duration: not reported Follow‐up period: 6 months
Participants	Setting: single centre Country: Iran Relevant health status: CKD5D on HD; NYHA classification III or IV Number: treatment group (8); control group (8) Mean age ± SD (years): treatment group (59.5 ± 6.5); control group (56.8 ± 9.3) Sex (M/): treatment group (62.5%); control group (75.0%) Exclusion criteria: not reported
Interventions	Treatment group Spironolactone: 25 mg/day for 24 weeks Control group Placebo for 24 weeks
Outcomes	Death (any cause) Death (cardiovascular) Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity: hospitalisation (cardiovascular) Hyperkalaemia LVM EF
Identification	Authors name: Dr Shahram Taheri Institution: Divisions of Nephrology and Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan School of Medicine Email: shah63tah@yahoo.com Address: Soffeh Ave., Isfahan, Iran
Notes	Funding source: not reported. Complete follow‐up: treatment group (8/8, 100%); control group (8/8, 100%)
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Only states the study was randomised, does not ensure how sequence generation was done
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Only states the study was randomised, does not ensure how allocation concealment was done
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	"double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	"double‐blind placebo‐controlled" study
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Missing outcome data balanced across intervention groups
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Protocol unclear
Other bias	Unclear risk	Funding: not reported