Nides 2014.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: Open‐label non‐comparative study Recruitment: Study site database and community advertisements Setting: Clinical Trials Unit, USA Study start date: April 2013; Study end date: 10 July 2013
Participants	Total N: 29 Inclusion criteria: Age 18 ‐ 65 years Good health BMI 18 ‐ 35 Smoking 10+ cpd CO > 10 ppm Exclusion criteria: Pregnancy or breastfeeding Other drug dependency Use of any psychiatric or opioid medications EC within the previous 14 days Use of NRT in last 30 days Want to reduce or quit smoking within the next 30 days Exclusion criterion: EC within the previous 14 days; use of NRT in last 30 days 44% women; mean age 43; mean cpd 20.1; mean FTND 4.5 Motivated to quit: no E‐cigarette use at baseline
Interventions	EC: Cig‐a‐like Participants attended 3 clinic visits at 1‐week intervals Visit 1: Baseline Visit 2: Provided with 1st generation type ‐ 'NJOY® King Bold' (NJOY, Inc. Scottsdale, AZ), with 26 mg nicotine. Used ad libitum for 20 minutes in the clinic, then ad libitum use over the next week. Recorded use of regular cigarettes and puffs on EC Visit 3: Participants abstained from all sources of nicotine for 12 hours prior to visit
Outcomes	Adverse events
Study funding	Funding for this study was provided by NJOY, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ
Author declarations	Dr Nides has received compensation from NJOY, Inc. and GlaxoSmithKline. Dr Leischow has received compensation from GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Cypress Bioscience. Mr Simmons and Ms Bhatter have no conflict of interest to report
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	Prospective cohort
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Not randomized
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	2 participants dropped out between visits 1 and 2
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Planned comparisons reported