Summary of findings 3. Risk of postoperative infectious complications: immunomodulators compared to control.
| Risk of postoperative infectious complications: immunomodulators compared to control | |||||
| Patient or population: inflammatory bowel disease Setting: Intervention: Immunosuppressive agents Comparison: control | |||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Risk with control | Risk with Immunosuppressive agents | ||||
| Overall infectious complications within 30 days of surgery | Study population | OR 1.11 (0.97 to 1.26) | 31 observational studies | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 | |
| 151 per 1,000 | 165 per 1,000 (147 to 183) | ||||
| Overall infectious complications within 30 days of surgery (Adjusted Analysis) | Study population | OR 1.29 (0.95 to 1.76) | 9 observational studies | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW | |
| 151 per 1,000 | 187 per 1,000 (145 to 239) | ||||
| Overall infectious complications within 30 days of surgery (Unadjusted Analysis) | Study population | OR 1.07 (0.93 to 1.24) | 22 observational studies | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 | |
| 151 per 1,000 | 160 per 1,000 (142 to 181) | ||||
| Incisional infections and wound dehiscence within 30 days of surgery | Study population | OR 1.35 (0.96 to 1.89) | 11 observational studies | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 2 | |
| 62 per 1,000 | 82 per 1,000 (60 to 111) | ||||
| Intra‐abdominal infectious complications within 30 days of surgery | Study population | OR 0.86 (0.66 to 1.12) | 20 observational studies | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 | |
| 82 per 1,000 | 71 per 1,000 (55 to 91) | ||||
| Extra‐abdominal infections within 30 days of surgery | Study population | OR 1.17 (0.80 to 1.71) | 4 observational studies | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 2 | |
| 0 per 1,000 | 0 per 1,000 (0 to 0) | ||||
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio; OR: Odds ratio; | |||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect | |||||
1 Many studies did not perform adjusted analyses and were considered to have a high risk of bias according to the Newcastle Ottawa Scale
2 Wide confidence interval