Study	Reason for exclusion
Agarwal 2010	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Aizawa 1993	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Alam 2006	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Alam 2009	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Alfonso1996	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Anderson 1983	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Badie 2009	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Begley 2001	not RCT, everyone got paced
Bellon 1995	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Ben 2000	not RCT
Betocchi 1988	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Betocchi 1996	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Betocchi 2002	no randomisation
Bhatia 2004	not RCT
Binder 2008	not RCT
Birnie 2006	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Bonow 1985	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Braunschweig 2000	not RCT
Braunwald 1997	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Brignole 1988	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Brill 1985	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Bryce 2001	not RCT
Can 2009	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Cannon 1985	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Cannon 1987 a	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Cannon 1987 b	not RCT
Cannon 1990	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Capezzuto 2000	not RCT
Cesario 2006	not RCT
Chen 2007	not RCT
Ciaramitaro 2006	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Coats 2008	not RCT
Cregg 1999	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
da Fonseca 2007	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Daley 1987	not RCT
Daubert 2004	not RCT
Deharo 2000	not RCT
Dimitrow 2000	no randomization
Dimitrow 2002	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Dimitrow 2004	not randomized
Duarte 1999	not RCT
El 2007	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
El 2008	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Faber 2007 a	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Faber 2007 b	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Fananapazir 1991	not randomised
Fananapazir 1998	not RCT
Fei 2001	not RCT
Ferguson 1997	not RCT
Fernandes 2005	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Finsterer 2010	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Frank 1978	not randomised
Frank 1983	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Freedman 2001	not RCT
Gadler 1997	a follow up study, not RCT
Gadler 1999	not randomized
Gadler 1999b	not controlled
Gadler 2001	not RCT
Gietzen 2004	review
Gietzen 2005	review
Gilligan 2000	review
Goethals 1999	review
Gold 1999	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Gold 2001	not RCT
Goodwin 1989	not RCT
Gras 1995	not RCT
Gras 1995b	cohort study
Gras 1995c	not RCT
Gregoratos 1999	not RCT
Hagege 2009	not RCT
Harrison 1976	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Haruki 2010	a case report
Hauer 2001	not RCT
Hauer 2001b	not RCT
Hayes 1999	not RCT
Hayes 2004a	not RCT
Hayes 2004b	not RCT
Herold 1991	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Hess 1982	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Hilleman 2001	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Honda 2005	not RCT
Itoh 1988	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Izawa 1996	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Izawa 1997	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Jandik 1990	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Jansson 1990	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Jeserich 2001 a	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Jeserich 2001 b	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Juliard 1987	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kaik 1992	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kappenberger 1997c	not an RCT
Kappenberger 1999	f/u and not RCT
Kass 1999	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kido 2006	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kim 1987	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kovacic 2003	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Krejci 2006	not randomised
Kuck 1987 a	not RCT
Kuck 1987 b	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kuck 1988	not RCT
Kuhn 1999	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kuhn 2000	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kuhn 2001	not RCT
Kukar 2006	not RCT
Kusumoto 2002	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Kusumoto 2006	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Lakkis 1998	not RCT
Lakkis 2000	not RCT
Lakkis 2001	not RCT
Landmark 1982	not RCT
Lerakis 1997	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Lerakis 2001	not RCT
Lo 1987	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Lopez 2002	not RCT
Losi 1998	not controlled
Maron 1995	not RCT
Maron 1998	not an RCT
Martin 1996	not RCT
McKenna 2009	not RCT
McNamara 1983	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Megevand 2005	not RCT
Meisel 2001	not RCT
Merrill 2000	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Milic 2005	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Millaire 1995 a	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Millaire 1995 b	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Millaire 1998	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Miyajima 1988	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Mohiddin 2002	not an RCT
Mohiddin 2010	not RCT
Monakier 2004	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Montijano Cabrera 2001	not RCT
Naccarelli 1982	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Nagueh 2001	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Nakatani 1996	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Nandhakumar 2008	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Nessler 1999	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Niki 1999	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Nishimura 1993	not RCT
Nishimura 1996	not RCT
Nishimura 1996b	not RCT
Nishimura 2004	not RCT
Nowinski 2005	no randomization
Ohtani 2003	case report
Oka 2007	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Ommen 1999	not randomised, based on patient preference
Ovsyshcher 2004	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Pace 1994	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Pak 1998	not RCT
Park 1999	not RCT
Pasternac 1982	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Paulus 1988	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Posma 1996	not RCT
Ralph‐Edwards 2005	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Reith 2003	not RCT
Rousseau 1980	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Ryden 2001	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Saumarez 1992	not randomised
Saumarez 1995	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Saumarez 2003	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Saumarez 2008	not randomised
Schulte 1999	not RCT
Seggewiss 1998	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Seggewiss 2003	not RCT
Seggewiss 2007	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Shamim 2002	not RCT
Shefer 1987	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Sherrid 2005	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Silva 2008	no comparison group.
Slade 1996	not RCT
Slade 1996b	not RCT
Solomon 1999	not RCT
Somura 2001	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Sorajja 2000	not RCT
Spirito 1997	not RCT
Spirito 1999	not RCT
Sud 2007	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Syed 2004	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Takechi 2003	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Talreja 2004	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Tascon 1995	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Thompson 1980	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Thompson 1983	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Topaz 1989	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Topilski 2006	not RCT
Trohman 2004	not RCT
Unno 2009	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
van der 2005	not a pacing study
Vazquez 2001	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Venugopa 2007	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Watson 1987	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Weiner 1999	not RCT
Weiss 1976	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Wexler 2009	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Yamakado 1990	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).
Zeng 2006	Irelevant title (title is not related to our main area of interest).