MicroRNAs (miRNAs) with progression‐associated differential expression in four patients with primary low‐grade glioma that recurred as secondary glioblastoma. Expression levels of 157 miRNAs were determined. MiRNAs were regarded as showing progression‐associated up‐regulation if they showed a fold change (recurrent/primary tumor) >2 with a raised expression level in the secondary glioblastoma sample. Progression‐associated down‐regulation was defined in an analogous manner as a fold change (recurrent/primary tumor) <0.5 with a lowered expression level in the secondary glioblastoma sample. Only miRNAs with progression‐associated expression in the majority of patients are listed. Patient numbers 1–4 encode the individual patient; case numbers encode primary and recurrent gliomas.