Sanghvi 2013.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomised controlled trial
Participants	46 VLBW infants (1200–1500 g birth weight), irrespective of gestational age at birth Setting: Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India
Interventions	Intervention (n = 23): full enteral feeds (80 mL/kg/day) with expressed maternal milk or preterm formula Control (n = 23): minimal enteral feeds (20 mL/kg/day) supplemented with parenteral nutrition Feed volumes increased by 20 mL/kg/day as tolerated
Outcomes	Days to regain birth weight Feed intolerance (feed volume reduce if 6‐hourly gastric aspirate > 30% of prior feed volume, increase in abdominal girth, vomiting) Necrotising enterocolitis (not defined – no cases in either group) Invasive infection Duration of hospital stay
Notes	Human milk was enriched with a multi‐nutrient fortifier when infants reached an intake volume of volume of 100 mL/kg/day. Fewer infants in the intervention group than the control group received respiratory support via a continuous positive airway pressure device.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated (variable block size randomisation, generated by statistician who was not part of the study).
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Sequentially numbered, sealed opaque envelopes.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not masked – carers could not be blinded to treatment allocation because of nature of the study.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Complete.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Retrospectively registered (2012). All outcomes reported in trial registry reported. Reported additional outcomes of feeding intolerance, weight at discharge, z‐score of weight at discharge, length and head circumference at discharge.
Other bias	Low risk	Received no monetary support.

n: number of participants; SD: standard deviation; VLBW: very low birth weight.