Shang 2012.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: randomized controlled, parallel‐group trial Setting/country: multi‐institution, China Dates study conducted: May 2011 to May 2012
Participants	Inclusion criteria: Age 20–50 years Matches with PE diagnostic criteria Disease duration > 3 months Signed informed consent Exclusion criteria: IELT > 2 minutes Genitourinary system has inflammation, such as prostatitis, urethritis, epididymitis, seminal vesiculitis, etc Heart, liver, kidney and nervous system and other primary diseases ED Alcohol, drugs or psychotropic substance abuse Serious relationship problems Taking other treatments for PE drugs during treatment Did not take the medicine on time, halfway out, irregular sexual life, loss of contact and loss of follow‐up Psychotherapy or behavioral therapy is not allowed during the study period or within 3 months prior to the screening visit Participants who had participated in investigative studies have also been excluded Treatment with certain prescription or non‐prescription medications (including any psychoactive drugs) Number of participants randomized: 80 Group 1 (citalopram 20 mg daily): Number of participants randomized: 40 Age (mean): 39.1 (SD 2.5) years Baseline IELT (mean): 0.91 (SD 0.18) minutes Group 2 (placebo): Number of participants randomized: 40 Age (mean): 37.8 (SD 2.8) years Baseline IELT (mean): 0.95 (SD 0.17) minutes
Interventions	Group 1: paroxetine 20 mg daily orally Group 2: soda tablets as a placebo orally
Outcomes	Primary outcomes: IELT/sexual satisfaction How measured: stopwatch/sexual intercourse satisfaction score quantified as 1–10 points (1 = very dissatisfied, 10 = very satisfied) Time points measured: at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks Safety outcomes: Heart, liver and kidney function How measured: blood and urine test Time points measured: at baseline, 4 weeks
Funding sources	NR
Declarations of interest	NR
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Did not explicitly state whether investigators were blinded; participants appeared to be blinded.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Participant‐reported outcomes	Low risk	Participants appeared to be appropriately blinded. Quote: "In the control group, oral placebo medication is the same colour and size as treatment group containing starch complexes."
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Investigator‐assessed outcomes	Unclear risk	Not explicitly described.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) IELT	Low risk	Objective measurement that was unlikely to be influenced by blinding.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants included in analysis.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No protocol available.
Other bias	Low risk	No additional sources of bias identified.