Elsharawy 2002.

Study characteristics
Methods	Allocation: random Single blind Exclusions after randomisation ‐ nil Losses to follow‐up ‐ nil
Participants	Country: Egypt Participants: 35 Age: < 70 years Sex: Male and female Inclusion criteria: iliofemoral venous thrombosis confirmed by duplex or venography duration < 10 days; life expectancy > 6 months Exclusion criteria: surgery < 14 days; previous CVA/CNS disease; GI bleed < 1 year; BP > 180/100; pregnancy etc.; other contraindications to thrombolysis not explicitly described
Interventions	Treatment: catheter‐directed thrombolysis with streptokinase using popliteal approach. Pulse spray given then vein assessed using contrast every 15 minutes. In 1 hour 1 million U given. Followed by low dose infusion 100,000 U/hour, assessed every 12 hours. Stopped when complete lysis achieved, no progress in 12 hours or complication occurred. Followed by anticoagulation Control: heparin IV bolus 5000 U, then adjusted continuous infusion. Warfarin begun the same evening Co treatment: none described
Outcomes	1 week: clot lysis; bleeding; mortality; PE 6 months: clot lysis; venous function
Funding	Not reported
Declaration of interests	Not reported
Notes	Catheter‐directed thrombolysis, as distinct from systemic or loco‐regional
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	"...computer designated cards assigning patients to either groups"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Not possible due to intervention but judged low risk as outcome assessment well described
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	" ..panel unaware of the sequencing of the studies or if images were obtained at baseline, 24 ‐ 48 hours after randomisation or before discharge"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Complete data available
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Pre‐specified outcomes reported
Other bias	Low risk	None