Han 2018.

Methods	Two‐arm RCT Number analyzed/randomized: 200/205 Statistical analysis: ITT analysis not mentioned; Chi² test; power analysis not conducted Funding source: Not reported (NR) Informed consent obtained; did not mention ethical approval
Participants	Participant recruitment: NR Setting: NR Inclusion criteria: 1) pain lasting more than 12 weeks without specific reasons; 2) the pain area is between bilateral midaxillary line and below the costal margin and above the hip transverse, with or without leg pain Exclusion criteria: 1) low back pain due to specific disease (e.g. spine, nerve roots, coagulation disorders, cancer, osteoporosis, tuberculosis, fractures, infections, fracture, rheumatism Mean Age (years): 40.5 Gender (female %): 55.1% Pain duration: 3 months to 5 years Pain intensity (mean ± SD): NR
Interventions	1) GROUP 1: Acupuncture Acupuncture points: BL23, BL25, DU3, BL17, DU4, DU14, Ashi point Depth: NR De Qi: Sour, numb, swell up and painful feelings were elicited. Sessions: 28 sessions (once per day, three days rest per seven days) Acupuncturist experience: NR 2) GROUP 2: Shock wave treatment Acupuncture points: same as Group 1 Depth: NR De Qi: Sour, numb and swell up feelings were elicited Sessions: Four sessions (one time per week) Co‐intervention: NR Duration of treatment: four weeks Duration of follow‐up: three months
Outcomes	1) Global assessment: classified as cure, very effective, effective, and no effect Assessment time: one week and three months Costs: NR Adverse effects: NR
Notes	Conclusion: Shock wave therapy showed much better global effect than acupuncture for chronic nonspecific low back pain. Language: Chinese