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. 2012 Sep 12;2012(9):CD007146. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub3

Comparison 5. Medication provision: vitamin D (with or without calcium) vs control/placebo/calcium.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
5.1 Rate of falls 7 9324 Rate Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.90, 1.11]
5.1.1 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) vs control or placebo 2 2478 Rate Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.14 [1.03, 1.27]
5.1.2 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) + calcium vs control or placebo 3 6586 Rate Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.89, 1.04]
5.1.3 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) + calcium vs calcium 1 137 Rate Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.54 [0.30, 0.98]
5.1.4 Vitamin D2 (by injection) vs placebo 1 123 Rate Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.61 [0.32, 1.17]
5.2 Number of fallers 13 26747 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.89, 1.03]
5.2.1 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) vs control or placebo 3 4516 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.08 [0.93, 1.26]
5.2.2 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) + calcium vs control or placebo 3 6576 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [0.92, 1.03]
5.2.3 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) + calcium vs calcium 2 379 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.70 [0.53, 0.92]
5.2.4 Vitamin D2 (by mouth) + calcium vs placebo + calcium 1 302 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.66 [0.41, 1.05]
5.2.5 Vitamin D2 (by injection) vs placebo 2 9563 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [0.92, 1.04]
5.2.6 Vitamin D (by mouth or by injection) with or without calcium vs control: studies with multiple arms combined 2 5411 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.73 [0.37, 1.44]
5.3 Number of people sustaining a fracture 10 27070 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.82, 1.09]
5.3.1 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) vs control or placebo 2 4942 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.63, 1.51]
5.3.2 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) + calcium vs control or placebo 3 6898 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.83 [0.59, 1.16]
5.3.3 Vitamin D3 (by mouth) + calcium vs calcium 2 379 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.54 [0.26, 1.15]
5.3.4 Vitamin D2 (by injection) vs placebo 1 9440 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.09 [0.94, 1.28]
5.3.5 Vitamin D (by mouth or by injection) with or without calcium vs control: studies with multiple arms combined 2 5411 Risk Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.90 [0.53, 1.53]