Study	Overall	Intervention	Control	Men	Women	Selection criterion
Bischoff‐Ferrari 2006	74.7 (SD 38.3)	ND	ND	82.9 (SD 44.9)	66.4 (SD 31.7)	No
Bischoff‐Ferrari 2010	31.8 (SD 19.6)a	Factorial design: 2000 IU/d 32.9 (SD 20.2)a 800 IU/d 30.7 (SD 19.2)a extended PT 34.9 (SD 22.0)a standard PT 28.7 (SD 17.0)a	NA	ND	ND	No
Dhesi 2004	(range 23.7 to 28.0)a	26.7 (range 25.5 to 28.0)a	25.0 (range 23.7 to 26.1)a	ND	ND	Yes 25(OH)D ≤ 30a
Dukas 2004	72.6 (SD 27.9)a	74.6 (SD 29.0)a	70.6 (SD 26.7)a	ND	ND	No
Gallagher 2001	79.3 (SD 24.7)	78.0 (SD 21.6)b	80.5 (SD 27.4)	ND	ND	No
Grant 2005	38.8 (SD 15.6)c	38.0 (SD 16.3)c	39.5 (SD 14.8)c	ND	ND	No
Harwood 2004	29.5 (range 6 to 85)	29 (range 6 to 85)	30 (range 12 to 64)	NA	29 (range 6 to 85)	No
Kärkkäinen 2010	49.7 (SD18.3)	50.1 (SD 18.8)	49.2 (SD 17.7)	NA	49.7 (SD 18.3)	No
Latham 2003	ND	37.4 (95% CI 34.9 to 44.9)a	47.4 (95% CI 39.9 to 52.4)a	ND	ND	No
Pfeifer 2000	25.2 (SD 12.9)	25.7 (SD 13.6)	24.6 (SD 12.1)	NA	ND	Yes 25(OH)D < 50
Pfeifer 2009	54.5 (SD 18)	55 (SD 18)	54 (SD 18)	ND	ND	YES 25(OH)D < 78
Porthouse 2005	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	No
Prince 2008	44.8 (SD 12.7)a	45.2 (SD 12.5)a	44.3 (SD 12.8)a	ND	ND	Yes 25(OH)D < 59.9a
Sanders 2010	ND	Median (IQR)  53 (40 to 65)	Median (IQR) 45 (40 to 57)	NA	ND	36% (819/2256) were classified as being at high risk of low vitamin D at baseline
Smith 2007	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	No
Trivedi 2003	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	No