NCT00986466.

Study name	Vitamin D and exercise in falls prevention (DEX)
Methods	RCT (factorial design)
Participants	Target sample size: 400 Inclusion criteria: women; aged 70 to 80 years; independently community‐dwelling; history of at least 1 fall in previous year; no contraindication to exercise; giving informed consent Exclusion criteria: undertaking moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise more than 2 hours per wk; regular user of vitamin D, or calcium + vitamin D supplements; recent fracture (during preceding 12 months); contraindication or inability to exercise; marked decline in the basic activities of daily living (ADL‐test); cognitively impaired (MMSE < 18); chronic conditions, e.g. Parkinson's disease
Interventions	1. Exercise with vitamin D: 20 µg of vitamin D per day for 2 years supervised training (2 x per wk for 52 wks), and 1 x per wk for next 52 wks 2. Exercise with placebo: as above 3. No exercise with vitamin D: 20 µg of vitamin D per day for 2 years, no supervised training (maintenance of their current level of physical activity) 4. No exercise with placebo: placebo per day for 2 years, no supervised training (maintenance of their current level of physical activity)
Outcomes	1. Rate of falls 2. Number of people falling 3. Number sustaining a fracture Other outcomes not included in this review
Starting date	September 2009 (completion date December 2014)
Contact information	Dr K Uusi‐Rasi, PhD UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research Tampere, Finland
Notes