Table 1.
Summary of Findings From Weighted Multinomial Logistic Regression Models Comparing Demographics and Tobacco Use Behaviors Among (1) Low and High Exposure to Average Exposure Dual Users, (2) Low, Average, and High Exposure Dual Users to Exclusive E-Cigarette Users, and (3) Low, Average, and High Exposure Dual Users to Exclusive Cigarette Smokers
| “Low Exposure” (Q1) | “Average exposure” (Q2 + Q3) | “High exposure” (Q4) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1: Low and high exposure dual users (base referent: average exposure dual users) | • Younger age (8/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to engage in low level monthly cigarette smoking (6/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to be female (5/9 biomarkers) • More likely to smoke cigarettes “some days” (4/9 biomarkers) • More likely to belong to a racial/ethnic minority group (2/9 biomarkers) • More likely to use moderate EPM (1/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to smoke 6–30 min after waking (1/9 biomarkers) |
Base reference category for the outcome for multinomial model series 1 | • Older in age (7/9 biomarkers) • More likely to be female (6/9 biomarkers) • More likely to engage in moderate-heavy monthly cigarette smoking (6/9 biomarkers) • More likely to engage in moderate EPM (3/9 biomarkers) • More likely to be skipped out of EPM measures (2–9 biomarkers) • More likely to smoke first cigarette within first 30 min of the day (2/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to vape e-cigarettes “some days” (2/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to smoke cigarettes “some days” (1/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to have first e-cigarette within first 5 min of the day (1/9 biomarkers) |
| 2: Low, average, and high exposure dual users (base referent: exclusive e-cigarette users) | • More likely to use an e-cigarette “some days” (9/9 biomarkers) • Younger in age (5/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to be female (1/9 biomarkers) |
• Older in age (9/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to identify as racial/ethnic minority (9/9 biomarkers) • More likely to use e-cigarettes “some days” (9/9 biomarkers) |
• Older in age (9/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to identify as racial/ethnic minority (8/9 biomarkers) • More likely to use e-cigarettes “some days” (8/9 biomarkers) • More likely to be female (3/9 biomarkers) |
| 3: Low, average, and high exposure dual users (base referent: exclusive cigarette smokers) | • Younger in age (9/9 biomarkers) • More likely to smoke cigarettes “some days” (8/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to use high CPM (4/9 biomarkers) • Less likely to identify as racial/ethnic minority (3/9 biomarkers) |
• Less likely to identify as a racial/ethnic minority (9/9 biomarkers) • More likely to use moderate CPM (9/9 biomarkers) • More like to smoke cigarettes “some days” (3/9 biomarkers) • More likely to be female (2/9 biomarkers) |
• More likely to be female (9/9 biomarkers) • More likely to engage in moderate-heavy monthly cigarette smoking (9/9 biomarkers) • Older in age (5/9 biomarkers) • More likely to smoke cigarettes within first hour of waking (3/9 biomarkers) • More likely to smoke cigarettes “some days” (3/9 biomarkers) |
CPM = cigarettes per month; EPM = e-cigarettes per month.