Table 1.
Demographic data in relation to pathology of the MS cases included in this study. Abbreviations: CDM = percentage of cerebellar cortical area affected by demyelination; WMDM = percentage of cerebellar white matter area affected by demyelination; M = male; F = female; AMS = acute multiple sclerosis (Marburg’s type); RRMS = relapsing/remitting MS; SPMS = secondary progressive MS; PPMS = primary progressive MS; UPMS = progressive MS with insufficient clinical information to separate between PPMS and SPMS; NA = data not available; (in AMS, focal neurological symptoms are frequently masked because of the fulminant disease evolution); +? = clinical reports only mention cerebellar involvement without specifications.
| Number | Age (years) /gender | Disease duration (months) | MS type | CDM | WMDM | Clinical signs of possible cerebellar dysfunction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28/M | 1 | AMS | 0 | 33.4 | NA |
| 2 | 35/M | 1.5 | AMS | 0.3 | 9.4 | Nystagmus, ataxic gait |
| 3 | 46/F | 0.5 | AMS | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 4 | 46/F | 7 | AMS | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 5 | 51/F | 7 | AMS | 2.2 | 24.1 | Nystagmus, dysmetria |
| 6 | 20/F | 48 | RRMS | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 7 | 58/M | 120 | RRMS | 0.3 | 0.9 | None |
| 8 | 67/M | NA | RRMS | 7.5 | 3.1 | Unsteady gait |
| 9 | 28/M | 96 | SPMS | 7.7 | 0 | Ataxic gait |
| 10 | 31/M | 132 | SPMS | 18.0 | 0 | Ataxia |
| 11 | 33/F | 108 | SPMS | 71.4 | 8.8 | Ataxic gait |
| 12 | 35/F | 144 | SPMS | 81.6 | 23.7 | Ataxia, severe intention tremor, scanning speech, spontaneous nystagmus |
| 13 | 38/F | 168 | SPMS | 21.2 | 28.3 | Ataxia, tremor, scanning speech, dysarthria |
| 14 | 41/M | 156 | SPMS | 78.3 | 3.1 | Ataxia |
| 15 | 45/F | 240 | SPMS | 17.1 | 37.2 | NA |
| 16 | 45/M | 360 | SPMS | 92.0 | 30.0 | Ataxia, intention and postural tremor, scanning speech, spontaneous nystagmus |
| 17 | 46/F | 84 | SPMS | 41.5 | 2.9 | Tremor, dysdiadochokinesis |
| 18 | 46/F | 264 | SPMS | 63.4 | 24.2 | +? |
| 19 | 47/F | 276 | SPMS | 41.0 | 17.4 | Scanning speech, dysarthria |
| 20 | 53/F | 241 | SPMS | 38.5 | 8.6 | Ataxia |
| 21 | 55/M | 366 | SPMS | 89.6 | 21.6 | Nystagmus, scanning speech |
| 22 | 56/F | 408 | SPMS | 5.3 | 39.2 | +? |
| 23 | 60/M | 234 | SPMS | 2.4 | 0.4 | None |
| 24 | 62/F | 288 | SPMS | 7.9 | 6.1 | Ataxia, intention and postural tremor, dysarthria, nystagmus |
| 25 | 66/M | 396 | SPMS | 16.4 | 55.9 | Ataxia |
| 26 | 66/F | 96 | SPMS | 39.3 | 3.5 | Ataxia, tremor, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesis |
| 27 | 70/F | NA | SPMS | 4.9 | 1.2 | NA |
| 28 | 36/M | 61 | PPMS | 14.3 | 0 | Ataxia; “cerebellar syndrome” |
| 29 | 44/F | 180 | PPMS | 75.4 | 3.3 | NA |
| 30 | 52/F | 30 | PPMS | 0 | 0 | Ataxic gait, dysdiadochokinesis, dysmetria |
| 31 | 54/M | 108 | PPMS | 71.3 | 28.4 | Ataxia (first symptom), nystagmus, sacchadic eye movements |
| 32 | 55/F | 60 | PPMS | 34.8 | 1.6 | Ataxia, dysmetria |
| 33 | 56/F | 132 | PPMS | 86.7 | 18.4 | Ataxia |
| 34 | 68/F | 336 | PPMS | 26.9 | 11.5 | +? |
| 35 | 71/F | 252 | PPMS | 25.7 | 0.8 | Nystagmus |
| 36 | 72/M | 411 | PPMS | 7.9 | 1.9 | Ataxia, dysarthria |
| 37 | 75/F | 314 | PPMS | 26.0 | 7.1 | +? |
| 38 | 34/M | NA | UPMS | 44.6 | 32.0 | NA |
| 39 | 46/F | NA | UPMS | 7.64 | 39.2 | +? |
| 40 | 57/F | 28 | UPMS | 80.4 | 28.6 | NA |