Table 4.
Parcel Estimates for Honor, Face, and Dignity Endorsements, Canadian Sample.
| Standardized parcel estimates (Standard errors) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item parcels | Honor | Face | Dignity | |
| 1. | You maintain your dignity if you punish people that double-cross you | |||
| Sometimes you have to fight to stop people from taking advantage of you | 0.570 (0.048) | |||
| 2. | Only losers let people say insulting things to them and get away with it | |||
| You should always punish those that betray you | 0.716 (0.045) | |||
| 3. | You lose respect if you back down from a fight | |||
| It’s important to punish those who say bad things about family and friends | 0.787 (0.045) | |||
| 1. | Even when they do something wrong, you shouldn’t criticize others | 0.796 (0.036) | ||
| 2. | I try to avoid conflict even if it means some disappointment | 0.781 (0.036) | ||
| 3. | Having good relations with others is more important than being right | |||
| It’s not good to criticize others, even if they have done something wrong | 0.567 (0.046) | |||
| 1. | I do what I believe or feel is right, even if others don’t agree | |||
| I feel good about myself when I choose to ignore small insults | 0.555 (0.059) | |||
| 2. | You show you have inner strength when you let things go | 0.645 (0.062) | ||
| It is best to let it go when others criticize you publicly | 0.645 (0.062) | |||
| 3. | Outer strength is pretty useless without inner strength and dignity | |||
| Being strong on the outside means nothing if you do not do what is right | 0.546 (0.062) | |||
| Omegas (calculated from unstandardized estimates) | Ω(6 items) = .73 | Ω(4 items) = .78 | Ω(6 items) = .61 | |
| Items discarded due to low estimates or cross-loadings | ||||
| People will take advantage if you don’t show them how tough you are | X | |||
| You lose honor if you don’t repay people for helping you out | X | |||
| Parents and elders give the best advice about how to get along with others | X | |||
| I feel proud when I do my duty without calling attention to myself | X | |||
| It’s everyone’s responsibility to help people get along with each other | X | |||
| You maintain your dignity when you do your best in a humble way | X | |||
| Everyone should be treated the same, no matter what their job is or what family they come from | X | |||
| I feel proud when I do what is right and ignore what people think of me | X | |||
Note. N = 267. Scale = 1 (not true) to 6 (true). Items were intermixed during administration. Items new to the Canadian survey are underlined, as are wording changes.