Table 1.

Themes with representative quotations.

Theme	Quotations
Lowering barriers to access health-related expertise
Facilitators to access	I brought my sister because she has prediabetes and wants to know how to take care of herself. Having [provider] here, [she] can answer questions, they [friends, neighbors, family] tell me to take this or that medicine or herb… I tell them no… I have diabetes and I have to ask my doctor.
Barriers to access	There are so many beliefs that people think cause diabetes… I was told that I have diabetes because of fright. One has to work… I take care of my grandson… so my daughter can work. I don’t get paid, but it is the only way to help each other.
Language concordance
Facilitators to concordance	…my [clinic] provider is very good, but having someone who can understand me is much better and it is necessary… …I know my diabetes care is important. I learn more when my provider explains it in Spanish and I can ask more questions about the information.
Barriers to concordance	…my [clinic] provider uses words that I do not understand… knowing that you speak Spanish is better because you will understand me. …I get pamphlets to read but I do not understand them. I was told to have a family member help me review the information, but they are too busy with their own lives.
Trusting relationships
Facilitators to trust	My provider recommended [the study] because it would help me with my diabetes. So that’s why I am here. …she was very nice and answered my questions. She changed the time of the study for me… my daughter can bring me on Saturday because she does not work.
Barriers to trust	…I don’t like to be rushed. it makes me forget things… …in the clinic, I see my provider for a few seconds. I am told that my diabetes is still uncontrolled and that I must stop eating too many tortillas, exercise more and now I must start insulin. I want to ask for more help but [provider] just tells me the same [instructions].