. 2020 Dec 31;151(2):352–360. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa376

TABLE 2.

Plasma glucose, hormone, and triacylglycerol concentrations, cecal total SCFA content, and fecal bile acid excretion in rats fed normal-fat diet or high-fat diet alone or with matched free lactose, polylactose, polydextrose, or fructooligosaccharide for 10 wk¹

Variable	NFC	HFC	HFPL	HFMFL	HFPD	HFFOS
Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL	115 ± 4.2	116 ± 5.0	115 ± 7.3	118 ± 4.0	125 ± 4.2	128 ± 3.8
Fasting plasma insulin, ng/mL	4.99 ± 0.57^b	6.44 ± 0.64^ab	6.58 ± 1.12^ab	7.03 ± 0.67^ab	8.45 ± 1.17^a	5.62 ± 0.50^b
Plasma leptin, ng/mL	9.18 ± 1.26^b	16.8 ± 1.94^a	12.7 ± 1.92^ab	20.5 ± 3.13^a	15.1 ± 2.34^ab	14.2 ± 1.97^ab
Plasma adiponectin, µg/mL	19.4 ± 3.56	23.4 ± 3.52	23.3 ± 3.39	25.2 ± 3.85	20.0 ± 3.47	22.4 ± 3.68
Plasma triacylglycerols, mmol/L	1.77 ± 0.14^a	1.24 ± 0.12^b	0.91 ± 0.14^bc	1.02 ± 0.09^bc	1.01 ± 0.09^bc	0.87 ± 0.09^c
Total SCFAs, µmol/cecum	95.3 ± 5.7^c	89.4 ± 8.6^c	286 ± 30.7^a	88.5 ± 9.3^c	149 ± 12.4^b	131 ± 16.6^bc
Fecal bile acid excretion, µmol/d	39.1 ± 2.5^a	32.6 ± 3.0^ab	26.6 ± 4.3^ab	27.1 ± 1.9^b	24.6 ± 2.3^b	33.4 ± 2.4^ab

¹ n = 12, except fecal bile acid excretion, where n = 7–12. Values are means ± SEMs. Means within a row without a common letter are statistically different, P < 0.05. HFC, high-fat cellulose; HFFOS, high-fat fructooligosaccharide; HFMFL, high-fat matched free lactose; HFPD, high-fat polydextrose; HFPL, high-fat polylactose; NFC, normal-fat cellulose.