Table 1.
Participants Characteristic According to the Presence of SO
| Variables | SO | Without SO | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males (n=3298) | Females (n=6423) | Total (n=9721) | Males (n=2650) | Females (n=2555) | Total (n=5205) | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age (years) | 58.37±9.52 | 55.84±9.40 | 56.70±9.52 | 58.85±9.57 | 54.77±10.33 | 56.85±10.21 | 0.394 |
| 35–44 | 318 (9.6) | 807 (12.6) | 1125 (11.6) | 254 (9.2) | 470 (18.4) | 715 (13.7) | <0.001 |
| 45–54 | 857 (26.0) | 2204 (34.3) | 3061 (31.5) | 641 (24.2) | 895 (35.0) | 1536 (29.5) | |
| 55–64 | 1009 (30.6) | 1951 (30.4) | 2960 (30.4) | 819 (30.9) | 587 (23.0) | 1406 (27.1) | |
| 65–74 | 1114 (33.8) | 1461 (22.7) | 2575 (26.5) | 945 (35.7) | 603 (23.6) | 1548 (29.7) | |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Married | 3136 (95.1) | 5981 (91.7) | 9027 (92.9) | 2523 (95.2) | 2346 (91.8) | 4869 (93.5) | 0.332 |
| Widowed | 109 (3.3) | 481 (7.5) | 590 (6.1) | 84 (3.2) | 198 (7.7) | 282 (5.4) | |
| Divorce | 24 (0.7) | 22 (0.3) | 46 (0.5) | 15 (0.6) | 5 (0.2) | 20 (0.4) | |
| Unmarried | 29 (0.9) | 29 (0.5) | 58 (0.5) | 28 (1.0) | 6 (0.3) | 34 (0.7) | |
| Education | |||||||
| Not been to school | 741 (22.5) | 2704 (42.1) | 3445 (35.4) | 690 (26.0) | 1000 (391) | 1690 (32.5) | <0.001 |
| Primary school | 1242 (37.7) | 1951 (30.4) | 3193 (32.8) | 943 (35.6) | 767 (30.0) | 1710 (32.9) | |
| Junior high school | 1123 (34.0) | 1607 (25.0) | 2730 (28.2) | 882 (33.3) | 711 (27.8) | 1593 (30.6) | |
| Senior high school and above | 192 (5.8) | 161 (2.5) | 353 (3.6) | 135 (5.1) | 77 (3.0) | 212 (4.0) | |
| Income (RMB/year) | |||||||
| Less than 10,000 | 815 (24.7) | 1569 (24.4) | 2384 (24.5) | 658 (24.8) | 595 (23.3) | 1253 (24.0) | 0.114 |
| 10,000~ | 1920 (58.2) | 3811 (59.3) | 5731 (59.0) | 1620 (61.1) | 1519 (59.4) | 3139 (60.3) | |
| 50,000~ | 345 (10.5) | 558 (8.7) | 903 (9.3) | 229 (8.6) | 258 (10.1) | 487 (9.4) | |
| More than 100,000 | 218 (6.6) | 485 (7.6) | 703 (7.2) | 143 (5.4) | 183 (7.2) | 326 (6.3) | |
| Exercise(days/week) | |||||||
| ≦1 | 1888 (57.2) | 3743 (58.3) | 5631 (57.9) | 1553 (58.6) | 1485 (58.1) | 3038 (58.4) | 0.680 |
| 2~3 | 263 (8.0) | 569 (8.8) | 832 (8.6) | 199 (7.5) | 225 (8.8) | 424 (8.1) | |
| 4~5 | 337 (10.2) | 659 (10.3) | 996 (10.2) | 287 (10.8) | 266 (10.4) | 553 (10.6) | |
| 6~7 | 810 (24.6) | 1452 (22.6) | 2262 (23.3) | 611 (23.1) | 579 (22.7) | 1190 (22.9) | |
| Current Smoking (yes), n (%) | 1103 (33.4) | 120 (1.9) | 1223 (12.6) | 999 (37.7) | 28 (1.1) | 1027 (19.7) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption (yes), n (%) | 1388 (42.1) | 917 (14.3) | 2305 (23.7) | 937 (35.4) | 383 (15.0) | 1320 (25.4) | 0.025 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 3298 (100.0) | 6423 (100.0) | 9721 (100.0) | 414 (15.6) | 550 (21.5) | 964 (18.5) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 819 (24.8) | 1494 (23.3) | 2313 (23.8) | 439 (16.6) | 403 (15.8) | 842 (16.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 199 (6.0) | 340 (5.3) | 539 (5.5) | 103 (3.9) | 102 (4.0) | 205 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal lipid metabolism, n (%) | 2104 (63.8) | 3835 (59.7) | 5939 (61.1) | 1164 (43.9) | 1175 (46.0) | 2339 (44.9) | <0.001 |
| Anthropometric variables | |||||||
| Weight (kg) | 74.79±8.78 | 63.85±8.01 | 67.56±9.77 | 61.81±7.97 | 52.78±6.59 | 57.38±8.61 | <0.001 |
| Height (m) | 1.66±0.06 | 1.56±0.06 | 1.59±0.08 | 1.66±0.67 | 1.56±0.66 | 1.61±0.84 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 95.03±8.23 | 89.49±7.77 | 91.37±8.35 | 80.70±6.88 | 77.35±5.89 | 79.06±6.63 | <0.001 |
| HC (cm) | 99.02±4.05 | 95.29±4.30 | 96.56±4.57 | 92.04±3.79 | 88.63±3.47 | 90.36±4.02 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 139.39±18.91 | 136.69±19.33 | 137.60±19.23 | 131.77±18.90 | 130.58±19.78 | 131.19±19.34 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 86.95±12.77 | 83.63±12.20 | 84.76±12.49 | 81.21±12.55 | 76.65±12.14 | 80.44±12.38 | <0.001 |
| Pulse (bpm) | 74.06±12.17 | 77.69±11.88 | 76.45±12.10 | 72.51±12.18 | 78.17±12.09 | 75.28±12.46 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.10±2.55 | 26.26±2.86 | 26.54±2.79 | 22.29±2.20 | 21.61±2.13 | 21.95±2.20 | <0.001 |
| WHR | 0.96±0.56 | 0.94±0.05 | 0.95±0.54 | 0.88±0.05 | 0.87±0.05 | 0.87±0.50 | <0.001 |
| ASM (kg) | 22.21±2.70 | 16.44±2.17 | 19.40±3.62 | 20.67±3.21 | 15.26±2.74 | 18.02±4.03 | <0.001 |
| ASMI (kg/m2) | 8.03±0.60 | 6.74±0.60 | 7.18±0.86 | 7.43±0.75 | 6.21±0.74 | 6.83±0.96 | <0.001 |
| Biochemical variables | |||||||
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.76±1.67 | 5.62±1.56 | 5.67±1.60 | 5.66±1.82 | 5.55±1.75 | 5.61±1.79 | 0.041 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.89±1.26 | 1.79±1.11 | 1.82±1.17 | 1.43±1.13 | 1.51±1.10 | 1.47±1.12 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.82±1.17 | 5.03±1.02 | 4.96±1.08 | 4.57±0.96 | 4.79±0.98 | 4.68±0.98 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.26±0.34 | 1.39±0.34 | 1.35±0.35 | 1.32±0.37 | 1.41±0.33 | 1.37±0.36 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.80±0.89 | 2.92±0.80 | 2.88±0.83 | 2.72±0.98 | 2.78±0.79 | 2.75±0.89 | <0.001 |
Note: Bold indicates statistical significance.