Table 3.
General and hemodynamic baseline characteristics according to the type of cardiovascular adverse event.
| Variables | Population, n = 88 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Major CVEAs, n = 15 | Hypertension-related CVAEs, n = 36 | No CVAEs, n = 37 | P-value | ||
| General characteristics | |||||
| Age, years | 66.1 ± 5.2 | 65.8 ± 9.7 | 64.6 ± 8.9 | 0.8 | |
| Male sex, n(%) | 7 (46.7) | 24 (66.7) | 15 (40.5) | 0.07 | |
| Weight, kg | 71.1 ± 15.8 | 74.9 ± 14.7 | 69 ± 14.7 | 0.2 | |
| Height, cm | 160.4 ± 10.7 | 164.3 ± 11.5 | 159.7 ± 9.5 | 0.2 | |
| BSA, m2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 0.1 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 ± 4.1 | 27.7 ± 4.5 | 27 ± 4.6 | 0.8 | |
| CV risk factors | |||||
| Active smoke, n(%) | 1 (6.7) | 2 (5.6) | 3 (8.1) | 0.8 | |
| Arterial hypertension, n(%) | 8 (53.3) | 20 (55.6) | 16 (43.2) | 0.6 | |
| Obesity, n(%) | 4 (26.7) | 9 (25) | 13 (35.1) | 0.6 | |
| Coronary heart disease, n(%) | 2 (13.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.7) | 0.06 | |
| Diabetes mellitus, n(%) | 1 (6.7) | 5 (13.9) | 4 (10.8) | 0.8 | |
| Chronic renal failure, n(%) | 3 (20) | 1 (2.8) | 5 (13.5) | 0.1 | |
| Dyslipidemia, n(%) | 1 (6.7) | 7 (19.4) | 6 (16.2) | 0.5 | |
| Office blood pressure | |||||
| Office SBP, mmHg | 134.9 ± 20.7 | 134.6 ± 15.3# | 124.2 ± 18.3# | 0.03 | |
| Office DBP, mmHg | 77.1 ± 6.8 | 79.9 ± 10.1# | 72.2 ± 12.1# | 0.009 | |
| BP <140/90 mmHg, n(%) | 10 (66.7) | 17 (47.2)# | 28 (75.7)# | 0.04 | |
| HR, bpm | 74.4 ± 14 | 76.1 ± 13 | 76 ± 14 | 0.9 | |
| Antihypertensive therapy (yes), n(%) | 9 (60) | 16 (44.4) | 18 (48.6) | 0.6 | |
| Baseline echocardiography | |||||
| LV systolic function | LVEF, %* | 57.1 ± 4.5∧ | 60.9 ± 4.9 | 62.4 ± 5.6∧ | 0.007 |
| GLS, %* | −20.3 ± 2.4∧ | −22.1 ± 2.2 | −22.8 ± 2.7∧ | 0.008 | |
| LV morphology | LVMi, (g/m2) | 87.7 ± 22 | 96.9 ± 22.3 | 88.4 ± 19.8 | 0.2 |
| RWT | 0.45 ± 0.09 | 0.45 ± 0.1 | 0.42 ± 0.06 | 0.1 | |
| LV diastolic function | LAVi, ml/m2 | 28.2 ± 7.7 | 27.5 ± 8.6 | 29.7 ± 8.3 | 0.5 |
| E/A | 0.92 ± 0.22 | 0.92 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.28 | 0.1 | |
| E/e′ | 8.9 ± 2.9 | 8.8 ± 2.3 | 9.3 ± 2.6 | 0.7 | |
p < 0.05 between groups 2 and 3.
p < 0.05 between groups 1 and 3.
Mean values estimated on 70 patients (group 1, n = 14; group 2, n = 30, group 3, n = 32).
BSA, body surface area; BMI, body mass index; MM, multiple myeloma; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BP, blood pressure; HR, heart rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LVMi, left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area; RWT, relative wall thickness; LAVi, left atrial volume indexed to body surface area; E/A, transmitral Doppler E wave velocity/transmitral Doppler A wave velocity; E/e′, transmitral Doppler E wave velocity/TDI e′ wave velocity.