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. 2021 May 4;11:9511. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88862-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Virtual tasks: Familiarization: one target appears at a time, with the same colour and shape of the tracking limb; Uncoupled Task: three black targets appear, each cursor has to reach a different target; 2-coupled Task: the two hands are virtually coupled by means of virtual spring. Two targets appear and have to be tracked with the foot and spring center of mass, while the spring length must be maintained. 3-coupled Task: One black target appear at a time. This must be tracked with the center of mass of the three coupled limbs without overstretching/over-compressing. (b) Participants performing the solo and paired sessions. (c) Experimental protocol: Each subject (Subj. A and Subj. B) performed three sessions across 2 days. Familiarization was always first, then the Solo and Paired session order was randomised. Each session considered each task, first the uncoupled and then the other two randomly arranged. Each task was repeated three times.