Table 7.
Factors influencing Out of pocket expenses in people living with psychiatric conditions.
| Covariates | Medicine related OOPE | Travel related OOPE | Diagnostic related expenses | Total OOPE | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | CI (95%) | Coefficient | CI (95%) | Coefficient | CI (95%) | Coefficient | CI (95%) | |||||
| Age (Ref. 18–39 Years) | ||||||||||||
| 40–59 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.3 | −0.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 |
| 60+ | 0.6 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.5 | −0.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.3 |
| Gender (Ref. Male) | ||||||||||||
| Female | −0.0 | −0.3 | 0.3 | −0.3 | −0.7 | 0.2 | −0.2 | −0.6 | 0.3 | −0.1 | −0.5 | 0.2 |
| Residence (Ref. Urban) | ||||||||||||
| Rural | −0.2 | −0.5 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 0.1 | −0.5 | 0.6 | 0.1 | −0.2 | 0.3 |
| Caste (Ref. SC/ST) | ||||||||||||
| General | 0.4 | −0.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | −0.2 | 1.2 | 0.0 | −0.7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | −0.3 | 0.6 |
| Religion (Ref. Hindu) | ||||||||||||
| Non-Hindu | 0.8 | −0.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | −0.1 | 2.1 | −0.2 | −1.3 | 0.9 | 0.4 | −0.4 | 1.1 |
| Marital status(Ref. Unmarried/divorced/widowed) | ||||||||||||
| Currently married | −0.2 | −0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | −0.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.3 | −0.1 | 0.7 |
| Education (Ref. Not educated) | ||||||||||||
| Up to primary | −0.3 | −0.8 | 0.2 | −0.1 | −0.9 | 0.7 | −0.6 | −1.4 | 0.3 | −0.2 | −0.8 | 0.4 |
| Up to higher/senior secondary | −0.1 | −0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | −0.4 | 1.1 | −0.0 | −0.9 | 0.8 | 0.1 | −0.5 | 0.6 |
| Graduation and above | −0.1 | −0.6 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.5 | −0.4 | 1.4 | 0.5 | −0.1 | 1.0 |
| Occupation (Ref. Regular/salaried/business) | ||||||||||||
| Casual laborers | 0.3 | −0.2 | 0.7 | −0.3 | −0.9 | 0.4 | 0.1 | −0.6 | 0.8 | 0.1 | −0.4 | 0.5 |
| Others | −0.1 | −0.4 | 0.3 | −0.2 | −0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | −0.3 | 0.8 | 0.1 | −0.3 | 0.5 |
| Unemployment | 0.0 | −0.4 | 0.4 | −0.0 | −0.6 | 0.6 | 0.1 | −0.6 | 0.7 | 0.0 | −0.4 | 0.5 |
| Social security (Ref. No) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | −0.2 | −0.6 | 0.1 | −0.4 | −0.9 | 0.1 | −0.1 | −0.7 | 0.5 | −0.1 | −0.5 | 0.3 |
| Hospitalization in the facility (Ref. Not hospitalized) | ||||||||||||
| Hospitalized | 0.2 | −0.3 | 0.6 | −0.4 | −1.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | −0.5 | 1.1 | 0.2 | −0.3 | 0.7 |
| Visit public providers (Ref. Never) | ||||||||||||
| One or more times | 0.3 | −0.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | −0.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.9 |
| Visit private providers (Ref. Never) | ||||||||||||
| One or more times | 0.6 | 0.1 | 1.1 | −0.1 | −0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | −0.0 | 1.0 |
| Duration of stay in the facility (0-3 days) | ||||||||||||
| 4+ days | 0.1 | −0.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | −0.4 | 1.1 | 0.8 | −0.1 | 1.6 | 0.4 | −0.1 | 0.9 |
| Polypharmacy (Ref. No medicines) | ||||||||||||
| 1–5 medicines | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 0.2 | −0.4 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.2 |
| 6+ medicines | 2.6 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 0.5 | −0.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.8 |
OPPE, Out of pocket expenses; SC, Scheduled Castes; ST, Scheduled Tribes.