TABLE 2.
Health and well-being self-reported changes and behaviors across groups during the lockdown.
| Perceived outcomes | Total sample |
Filtered samplea |
||||
| CRAFT program group (n = 40) | Control group (n = 53) | p | CRAFT program group (n = 31) | Control group (n = 31) | p | |
| Severe COVID-19 setbacks | 4 (10%) | 5 (9%) | 0.93 | 5 (16%) | 2 (7%) | 0.23 |
| Health and well-being Changes | 29 (72%) | 32 (61%) | 0.22 | 22 (71%) | 23 (74%) | 0.78 |
| Positive changes | 6 (15%)b | 3 (6%)b | 0.13 | 4 (13%)b | 3 (10%)b | 0.69 |
| Mental–emotional issues | 21 (52%)b | 27 (51%)b | 0.88 | 17 (55%)b | 20 (64%)b | 0.43 |
| Anxiety | 13 (32%)b | 10 (19%)b | 0.13 | 10 (32%)b | 9 (29%)b | 0.78 |
| Stress | 13 (32%)b | 14 (26%)b | 0.52 | 10 (32%)b | 12 (39%)b | 0.60 |
| Fear, worry, and despondency | 6 (15%)b | 6 (11%)b | 0.60 | 6 (19%)b | 5 (16%)b | 0.74 |
| Physical issues | 14 (35%)b | 10 (19%)b | 0.08 | 11 (35%)b | 6 (19%)b | 0.15 |
| Tiredness | 6 (15%)b | 3 (6%)b | 0.13 | 6 (19%)b | 2 (6%)b | 0.13 |
| Sleep disturbances | 4 (10%)b | 3 (6%)b | 0.43 | 3 (10%)b | 2 (6%)b | 0.64 |
| 10-point VAS health states (1–10) | ||||||
| Physical state | 6.80 ± 1.83 | 6.92 ± 1.97 | 0.76 | 6.97 ± 1.83 | 6.90 ± 2.02 | 0.90 |
| Mental and emotional state | 6.23 ± 1.69 | 5.98 ± 2.2 | 0.55 | 6.03 ± 1.68 | 5.87 ± 2.41 | 0.76 |
| Sleep quality | 5.93 ± 2.4 | 5.91 ± 2.50 | 0.97 | 6.06 ± 2.46 | 6.00 ± 2.57 | 0.92 |
| Engagement in health practices | 37 (92%) | 31 (58%) | < 0.001 | 29 (93%) | 17 (55%) | < 0.001 |
| Yoga/meditation practices | 35 (95%)b | 6 (19%)b | < 0.001 | 27 (93%)b | 2 (12%)b | < 0.001 |
| CRAFT | 25 (68%)b | 0 (0%)b | NA | 21 (72%)b | 0 (0%)b | NA |
| Other yoga/meditation | 13 (35%)b | 6 (19%)b | 0.15 | 7 (24%)b | 2 (12%)b | 0.31 |
| Other practices | 18 (49%)b | 29 (93%)b | < 0.001 | 15 (52%)b | 15 (88%)b | 0.012 |
| Alexander technique | 2 (5%)b | 8 (26%)b | 0.018 | 2 (7%)b | 4 (23%)b | 0.11 |
| Exercise | 17 (46%)b | 23 (74%)b | 0.018 | 14 (48%)b | 12 (71%)b | 0.141 |
| Unspecified | 0 (0%)b | 1 (3%)b | 0.27 | 0 (0%)b | 0 (0%)b | NA |
| Perceived benefits from practices | 29 (78%) | 16 (52%) | 0.020 | 23 (79%) | 7 (41%) | < 0.01 |
| Yoga/meditation | 26 (70%)b | 1 (3%)b | < 0.001 | 20 (69%)b | 0 (0%)b | < 0.001 |
| CRAFT | 19 (51%)b | 0 (0%)b | < 0.001 | 16 (55%)b | 0 (0%)b | < 0.001 |
| Other yoga/meditation | 10 (27%)b | 1 (3%)b | 0.008 | 5 (17%)b | 0 (0%)b | 0.07 |
| Other practices | 12 (32%)b | 15 (48%)b | 0.18 | 10 (34%)b | 6 (35%)b | 0.96 |
| Alexander technique | 0 (0%)b | 5 (16%)b | 0.011 | 0 (0%)b | 3 (18%)b | 0.02 |
| Exercise | 12 (32%)b | 9 (29%)b | 0.76 | 10 (34%)b | 3 (18%)b | 0.22 |
| Unspecified | 0 (0%)b | 1 (3%)b | 0.27 | 0 (0%)b | 0 (0%)b | NA |
Values are mean ± SD with respective p-values computed with one-way ANOVA, or n (%) with respective p-values computed with χ2. Bold font denotes significance. All displayed percentages refer to the total number of participants within group except for the variables related to the practices implemented and their perceived benefits whereby they refer to the total number of proactive participants within group; aFiltered sample after excluding participants that reported previous exposure with yoga/Meditation other than in the CRAFT program before the lockdown and in the CRAFT program during the academic years 2017-2019. bPercentages from non-mutually exclusive categories. NA = Not applicable.