Table 2.

Search terms for non-antibiotic approaches to reduce the need for antibiotics in nursery pig production.

Groupings	Search terms
Population terms	(Piglet* OR weaner* OR “weaning pig*” OR “weanling pig*” OR “weaner pig*” OR “weaned pig*” OR “weaner stage” OR “weaner phase” OR “nursery pig*” OR “young pig*” OR “younger pig*” OR “early-weaned pig*” OR “late-weaned pig*” OR “nursery-age*” OR “naïve pig*” OR “starter pig*” OR “neonate pig*” OR “neonatal pig*” OR “suckling pig*”)
Product intervention terms	(Antibiotic* OR antimicrobial* OR vaccin* OR immunization OR “sow vacc*” OR “dam vacc*” OR “gilt vacc*” OR “sow immunization” OR “dam immunization” OR “gilt immunization” OR “trace mineral*” OR “essential mineral*” OR “mineral source*” OR “mineral form*” OR Zinc*OR vitamin* OR “dietary acid*” OR “organic acid*” OR “dietary fatty acid*” OR “medium chain fatty acid*” OR acidif* OR “feed enzyme*” OR fermentable OR fermented OR “plant extract*” OR herbal OR seaweed OR spice OR phytogenic OR “dietary lysine” OR “dietary tryptophan” OR lactoferrin OR lysozyme OR L-glutamine OR nutraceutical* OR neutraceutical* OR supplemental OR “dietary supplement*” OR “diet supplement*” OR “feed supplement*” OR “dietary additive*” OR “diet additive*” OR inulin OR oligosaccharide* OR polysaccharide* OR mannan* OR B-glucan* OR probiotic* OR prebiotic* OR synbiotic* OR “direct-fed microbial*” OR “competitive exclusion” OR yeast OR “Saccharomyces cerevisiae” OR “essential oil*” OR “fish meal” OR “blood meal” OR “spray-dried” OR immunoprophylaxis OR immunotherapeutic* OR “egg-yolk antibod*” OR “IgY antibod*” OR bacteriophages OR “antimicrobial peptide*” OR “bovine colostrum” OR “epidermal growth factor*” OR “rare earth” OR clay OR “natural alternative*” OR homeopath*)
Management intervention terms	(“natural pig*” OR “organic swine” OR “organic pig*” OR “natural conditions” OR “non-conventional” OR “antibiotic-free” OR “weaning practice*” OR “weaning method*” OR “weaning procedure*” OR “weaning regime*” OR “weaning system” OR “conventional weaning” OR “weaning age” OR “early weaning” OR “late wean*” OR “age at weaning” OR “creep feed*” OR “stocking” OR crowding OR overcrowding OR “floor space” OR “feeder space” OR “housing system*” OR “housing design*” OR “housing environment*” OR “housing type” OR ventilation OR “air quality” OR co-mingling OR “mingl*” OR “mixed litter” OR mixing OR “batch system” OR “batch management” OR biosecurity OR “sanit*” OR “disinfect*” OR “cleaning” OR hygiene OR “all-in-all-out” OR “pig flow” OR “disease eradication” OR “disease control*” OR “multi-site” OR “liquid feed” OR “liquid diet*” OR “pellet*” OR “low protein” OR “decreased protein” OR “restricted protein” OR “protein restrict*” OR “protein nutrition” OR “protein level” OR “protein source” OR “dietary protein” OR “restricted feed*” OR “feed restrict*” OR “control fed” OR “quality assurance” OR education)
Outcome terms	(health OR immun* OR diarrhea OR diarrhea OR scours OR “colibacillosis” OR “fecal score” OR “clinical response*” OR “clinical parameters” OR “fecal shedding” OR “fecal shedding” OR morbidity OR mortality OR performance OR growth OR “daily weight gain” OR “average daily gain” OR “G:F” OR “gain-to-feed” OR “feed conversion” OR “feed intake” OR “ADG” OR ADFI OR “lightweight gain” OR productivity)

A search string included the population terms and either the product intervention terms, or the management intervention terms plus the outcome terms connected by the Boolean operator “AND”.