Table 3.
FAD indexes from total fatty acid data of plasma and white adipose tissue calculated as product/precursor ratio.
| STD | STD+ω3 | HFHS | HFHS+ω3 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DESATURASES IN PLASMA | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| SCD-16 = [palmitoleic (16:1ω7)/palmític (16:0)] * | 0.068 a | 0.01 | 0.068 a | 0.01 | 0.078 b | 0.01 | 0.109 b | 0.04 |
| SCD-18 = [oleic (18:1ω9)/estearic (18:0)] * | 0.859 a | 0.13 | 0.837 a | 0.13 | 1.597 b | 0.30 | 1.589 b | 0.36 |
| Δ5D = [ARA (20:4ω6)/DGLA (20:3ω6)] *$ | 123.536 a | 11.12 | 70.814 b | 12.92 | 48.031 bc | 17.08 | 31.760 c | 3.17 |
| Δ6D = [DGLA (20:3ω6)/LA (18:2ω6)] *$ | 0.013 a | 0.00 | 0.018 b | 0.01 | 0.053 c | 0.01 | 0.058 c | 0.01 |
| Δ6D = [DHA (22:6ω3)/DPA (22:5ω3)] *$# | 2.948 a | 0.38 | 2.656 a | 0.43 | 4.235 b | 1.01 | 5.808 c | 0.52 |
| Δ5D + Δ6D = [EPA (20:5ω3)/ALA (18:3ω3)] $ | 1.854 a | 0.52 | 2.963 b | 0.77 | 2.308 ab | 0.48 | 6.157 c | 0.87 |
| DESATURASES IN ADIPOSE TISSUE | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| SCD-16 = [palmitoleic (16:1ω7)/palmític (16:0)] $# | 0.186 a | 0.03 | 0.227 ab | 0.13 | 0.224 b | 0.04 | 0.204 a | 0.01 |
| SCD-18 = [oleic (18:1ω9)/estearic (18:0)] | 9.928 a | 1.13 | 10.201 a | 2.21 | 9.471 a | 0.19 | 9.081 a | 0.39 |
| Δ5D = [ARA (20:4ω6)/DGLA (20:3ω6) *] | 4.999 a | 0.66 | 3.997 a | 0.86 | No detected | – | No detected | No detected |
| Δ6D = [DHA (22:6ω3)/DPA (22:5ω3)] $ | 0.755 a | 0.13 | 1.386 b | 0.13 | No detected | – | 1.512 c | 0.33 |
| Δ6D = [DGLA (20:3ω6)/LA (18:2ω6)] * | 0.003 a | 0.00 | 0.004 a | 0 | 0.000 b | 0.00 | 0.000 b | 0.00 |
| Δ5D + Δ6D = [EPA (20:5ω3)/ALA (18:3ω3)] | 0.000 a | 0.00 | 0.076 b | 0.05 | 0.000 a | 0.00 | 0.000 a | 0.00 |
Two-way ANOVA analyses were done. *p < 0.05 significant differences given by the factor “diet” (STD vs. HFHS); $ p < 0.05 significant differences given by the factor “supplement” (control vs ω-3). Superscript # indicates significant interaction (p < 0.05) between the factors diet (ST and HFHS) and supplement (control and ω-3 PUFAs supplement). Means with different superscript (a,b,c,d)indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) (analyzed by post-hoc Fisher LSD).
Results are expressed as means and standard deviation (SD). Values with different superscript letters in the same row indicate significant difference at p < 0.05 between dietary groups (n=9 per group).