Figure 5. Antibiotic administration in the setting of high‐fat diet (HFD) eliminates the anti‐obesity and anti‐diabetic actions of endothelial IGF‐1R overexpression.

• A
  Schematic representation of antibiotic dosing and feeding time course.
• B
  (Bi), Human IGF‐1R endothelial overexpressing mice (hIGFREO) had comparable weight gain as wild‐type littermates (WT) after 8 weeks of HFD + antibiotics (ABs) when compared to WT. (Bii), Both hIGFREO and WT gained significant weight compared with chow‐fed mice (n = 7–9 mice per group).
• C
  There was no difference in fasting blood glucose in hIGFREO compared with WT (n = 7–9 mice per group).
• D, E
  There was no difference in hIGFREO and WT glucose tolerance (as measured by glucose tolerance test and area under the curve (AUC)) (n = 7–9 mice per group).
• F
  Wet organ weights were similar in hIGFREO and WT (n = 7–9 mice per group).
• G
  Chao‐1 analysis was used to measure the faecal microbial diversity and abundance and demonstrates no difference between hIGFREO and WT after HFD + antibiotic treatment (n = 3–5 mice per group).
• H
  Alpha diversity P values using Kruskal–Wallis pairwise comparisons show there is no difference in microbial diversity.

Data information: Data shown as mean ± SEM and individual mice are shown as data points, P < 0.05 taken as being statistically significant using Student’s t‐test and denoted as * or ** for P P < 0.01 and NS denotes not significant. Diversity analyses were run on the resulting OTU/feature.biom tables to provide both phylogenetic and non‐phylogenetic metrics of alpha and beta diversity. Additional data analysis (PLS‐DA) and statistics were performed with R.