FIG 2.

LiaR-independent bioreactor mutation frequencies over time. Mutations that reached a minimum of 10% frequency on 2 consecutive days are included. ¹Multiple mutations were present within that gene, the summation of which is represented here. * indicates mutation resulted in a stop codon. (a) 503FΔliaR. (b) 515FΔliaR. Importantly, mutations unrelated to DAP resistance can accumulate within a population by “hitchhiking” with a bona fide adaptive mutation, such as uxuA^V196M with divIVA^I92F, as seen in panel a.