TABLE 2.

Arbidol combined with the approved drugs aripiprazole and sertraline causes synergistic suppression of LASV and JUNV GP-bearing pseudoviruses^a

^aVero cells were treated with various concentrations of single drugs or a two- or three-drug combination of arbidol (Arb), sertraline (Sert), and aripiprazole (Ari) before infection with LASV or JUNV pseudovirus. Data are expressed as percentages of infected cells treated with the solvent control. At 24 h postinfection, virus infection (A and C) and viability (B and D) were measured. In panels A and C, the concentration of each drug alone providing ∼50% inhibition of infection is shaded blue. The concentration of each drug needed in the pairwise combinations to produce ∼50% inhibition of infection is shaded green. The concentration of each drug needed in the three-drug cocktail to yield ∼50% inhibition of infection is shaded yellow. The gray highlights in panels B and D represent the drug concentrations that inhibit cell viability by approximately 50%. Summary fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) scores for the drugs against LASV (E) and JUNV (F) are shown. The data are from a single experiment where each condition was conducted in triplicate. For both viruses, the 1× concentrations of Arb, Sert, and Ari were 9 μM. For LASV and JUNV, Z-factors for each assay were 0.71 and 0.52, respectively, while the signal-to-noise values were 27,385 and 335 for LASV and JUNV, respectively. Obs, observed; Exp, expected; n/a, not applicable.