TABLE 5.
Associations between motivations, ceremony characteristics and additional supports and mental health outcomes.
| PWG e | SF-12 MCS f | Kessler 10 g | PGIC anx/dep h | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (SE) | P = | B (SE) | P = | B (SE) | P = | B (SE) | P = | |
| Covariates | ||||||||
| Age (decades) | −0.67 (0.1) | 0.000 | 0.81 (0.1) | 0.000 | −0.37 (0.05) | 0.000 | −0.03 (0.02) | 0.148 |
| Female | 0.55 (0.24) | 0.023 | −1.24 (0.23) | 0.000 | 0.7 (0.12) | 0.000 | −0.01 (0.05) | 0.825 |
| University educ | −1.57 (0.25) | 0.000 | −1.48 (0.25) | 0.000 | 0.45 (0.13) | 0.000 | −0.09 (0.05) | 0.077 |
| Lifetime MH diagnoses a | 0.21 (0.12) | 0.087 | −1.05 (0.11) | 0.000 | 0.73 (0.06) | 0.000 | 0 (0.02) | 0.994 |
| Num drunk b | 1.2 (0.06) | 0.000 | 0.53 (0.06) | 0.000 | −0.24 (0.03) | 0.000 | 0.1 (0.01) | 0.000 |
| Years since drunk c | −0.03 (0.03) | 0.253 | −0.07 (0.03) | 0.019 | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.208 | −0.02 (0.01) | 0.011 |
| Motivations | ||||||||
| Therapeutic | 0.35 (0.11) | 0.001 | −0.69 (0.11) | 0.000 | 0.43 (0.05) | 0.000 | −0.01 (0.02) | 0.687 |
| Self−knowledge | 0.48 (0.1) | 0.000 | 0.07 (0.1) | 0.466 | −0.15 (0.05) | 0.005 | 0.03 (0.02) | 0.170 |
| Experiential | −0.65 (0.11) | 0.000 | −0.37 (0.1) | 0.000 | 0.33 (0.06) | 0.000 | −0.06 (0.02) | 0.011 |
| Ceremony characteristics | ||||||||
| Traditional | −0.22 (0.12) | 0.071 | −0.19 (0.11) | 0.090 | 0.16 (0.06) | 0.005 | 0.05 (0.02) | 0.031 |
| Non−traditional | 0.12 (0.12) | 0.327 | −0.02 (0.12) | 0.875 | −0.05 (0.06) | 0.372 | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.706 |
| Religious | −0.12 (0.31) | 0.700 | 0.13 (0.32) | 0.679 | 0.05 (0.16) | 0.757 | 0.01 (0.06) | 0.913 |
| Support and safety | 1.91 (0.25) | 0.000 | 1.5 (0.23) | 0.000 | −0.62 (0.12) | 0.000 | 0.07 (0.05) | 0.181 |
| Traditional countries d | −0.35 (0.48) | 0.473 | 0.58 (0.46) | 0.205 | −0.47 (0.22) | 0.035 | −0.17 (0.09) | 0.052 |
| Additional supports | ||||||||
| Preparation activities score | 0.75 (0.14) | 0.000 | 0.45 (0.14) | 0.002 | −0.25 (0.07) | 0.001 | 0.13 (0.03) | 0.000 |
| Religious/spiritual couns | 1.18 (0.29) | 0.000 | 0.72 (0.28) | 0.012 | −0.28 (0.15) | 0.056 | 0.06 (0.06) | 0.370 |
| Psychologist/psychotherapist | 0.59 (0.68) | 0.382 | 1.39 (0.69) | 0.044 | −0.71 (0.35) | 0.042 | 0.06 (0.12) | 0.636 |
| Yoga/tai−chi etc | 0.96 (0.44) | 0.028 | 0.93 (0.43) | 0.031 | −0.71 (0.22) | 0.001 | 0.06 (0.08) | 0.431 |
| Fasting | 0.97 (0.37) | 0.008 | 0.6 (0.39) | 0.129 | −0.28 (0.21) | 0.183 | 0.09 (0.07) | 0.182 |
| Prob > F (n) | p < 0.000 (6,877) | p < 0.000 (6,877) | p < 0.000 (6,877) | p < 0.000 (1,278) | ||||
a
Number of lifetime mental health diagnoses.
b
Lifetime uses of ayahuasca (categories as per Table 1).
c
Number of years since last drank ayahuasca.
d
Countries include all Amazonian countries where ayahuasca has been used traditionally by indigenous groups except Brazil (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia and Venezuela).
e
Perceived growth in psychological wellbeing.
f
Current mental health status.
g
Psychological distress.
h
Reported change in prior clinically diagnosed anxiety or depression.