Table 1.
Patient Demographics
| All cases | Upgrading | No upgrading | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 583 (100%) | 224 (38.4%) | 359 (61.6%) | |||
| Age | years (median, IQ) | 66.7 (64.0–71.0) | 67.2 (64.0–71.0) | 66.4 (63.0–71.0) | 0.198 | |
| PSA | ng/ml (median, IQ) | 9.7 (5.5–11.0) | 9.3 (5.5–10.4) | 9.9 (5.5–11.3) | 0.609 | |
| PV | ml (median, IQ) | 32.0 (21.0–38.0) | 32.7 (22.0–39.0) | 31.5 (21.0–37.8) | 0.065 | |
| PSAD | ng/ml2 (median, IQ) | 0.35 (0.18–0.41) | 0.32 (0.18–0.39) | 0.37 (0.18–0.43) | 0.275 | |
| BMI | kg/m2 (median, IQ) | 23.9 (22.0–25.5) | 24.4 (22.4–25.8) | 23.6 (21.9–25.2) | 0.012** | |
| cT stage | cT1 | no. of patients (% of total) | 461 (79.2%) | 189 (84.4%) | 272 (76.0%) | 0.024* |
| cT2a | no. of patients (% of total) | 60 (10.3%) | 23 (10.3%) | 37 (10.3%) | ||
| cT2b | no. of patients (% of total) | 28 (4.8%) | 9 (4.0%) | 19 (5.3%) | ||
| cT2c | no. of patients (% of total) | 27 (4.6%) | 3 (1.3%) | 24 (6.7%) | ||
| cT3–4 | no. of patients (% of total) | 6 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (1.7%) | ||
| ISUP gradea | 1 | no. of patients (% of total) | 106 (18.2%) | 89 (39.7%) | 17 (4.7%) | < 0.001* |
| 2 | no. of patients (% of total) | 233 (40.0%) | 89 (39.7%) | 144 (40.1%) | ||
| 3 | no. of patients (% of total) | 97 (16.6%) | 21 (9.4%) | 76 (21.2%) | ||
| 4 | no. of patients (% of total) | 89 (15.3%) | 25 (11.2%) | 64 (17.8%) | ||
| 5 | no. of patients (% of total) | 58 (9.9%) | 58 (16.2%) | |||
| Biopsy-prostatectomy interval | days (median, IQ) | 133.6 (85–140) | 131.2 (86–139) | 135.2 (85–145) | 0.570 | |
| %IC | %(median, IQ) | 46.0 (21.5–70.0) | 40.8 (16.8–60.0) | 49.3 (30–70.0) | < 0.001* | |
| Total no. of cores | (median, IQ) | 12.0 (9–12) | 11.8 (9–12) | 12.2 (9–13) | 0.441 | |
| %PC | %(median, IQ) | 30.0 (12.5–41.7) | 25.8 (11.1–36.9) | 32.7 (15.4–44.4) | < 0.001* | |
| Sampling density | core/ml (median, IQ) | 0.44 (0.30–0.55) | 0.42 (0.29–0.52) | 0.46 (0.30–0.57) | 0.043* |
* statistically significant, a: ISUP grade as diagnosed by prostate biopsy
Abbreviations: IQ interquartile, PSA prostate specific antigen, PV prostate volume, PSAD PSA density, BMI body mass index, cT stage clinical T stage, ISUP International Society of Urologic Pathologists, %IC maximum percentage of cancer involvement per core, %PC percentage of positive cores